महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-111, verse-42

तदासीत्सुमहद्युद्धं कुरूणां पाण्डवैः सह ।
भीष्महेतोर्नरव्याघ्र श्येनयोरामिषे यथा ॥४२॥

42. tadāsītsumahadyuddhaṁ kurūṇāṁ pāṇḍavaiḥ saha ,
bhīṣmahetornaravyāghra śyenayorāmiṣe yathā.

42. tadā āsīt sumahat yuddham kurūṇām pāṇḍavaiḥ saha
bhīṣmahetoḥ naravyāghra śyenayoḥ āmiṣe yathā

42. Then, O tiger among men, there was a very great battle between the Kurus and the Pandavas for Bhishma's sake, just as two hawks fight over prey.

Words meanings summery:

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, it was

• सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, immense

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

• कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas

• सह (saha) - with, together with

• भीष्महेतोः (bhīṣmahetoḥ) - for Bhishma's sake, on account of Bhishma

• नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

• श्येनयोः (śyenayoḥ) - of the two hawks

• आमिषे (āmiṣe) - over the flesh, over the prey

• यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

Words meanings and morphology

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - there was, it was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of as

Verb root

Imperfect active 3rd person singular of √as (div. 2)

Root: as (class 2)

सुमहत् (sumahat) - very great, immense

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, immense, excellent

Formed with prefix 'su-' (good/very) and 'mahat' (great).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, important
  adjective (neuter)

Note: Modifies 'yuddham'.

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight

past passive participle

From root 'yudh'

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'āsīt'.

कुरूणाम् (kurūṇām) - of the Kurus

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - descendant of Kuru, a member of the Kuru dynasty

Note: Genitive of relation.

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, a son of Pandu

Note: Used with 'saha' for accompaniment.

सह (saha) - with, together with

(indeclinable)

Note: Governs instrumental case.

भीष्महेतोः (bhīṣmahetoḥ) - for Bhishma's sake, on account of Bhishma

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣmahetu

bhīṣmahetu - reason of Bhishma, for Bhishma's sake

Compound type : tatpurusha (bhīṣma+hetu)

• bhīṣma – Bhishma (name of a character)
  proper noun (masculine)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)
  Root: hi (class 5)

Note: Genitive indicating purpose or cause (often used with nouns ending in -u).

नरव्याघ्र (naravyāghra) - O tiger among men, O best of men

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of naravyāghra

naravyāghra - tiger among men, best of men (a proverbial comparison)

Compound type : tatpurusha (nara+vyāghra)

• nara – man, person
  noun (masculine)
  Root: nṛ (class 1)
• vyāghra – tiger
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing Dhritarashtra or Sanjaya.

श्येनयोः (śyenayoḥ) - of the two hawks

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, dual of śyena

śyena - hawk, falcon, eagle

Note: Genitive dual, indicating the two parties of the comparison.

आमिषे (āmiṣe) - over the flesh, over the prey

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of āmiṣa

āmiṣa - flesh, meat, prey, lure

Note: Locative indicating 'over' or 'for the sake of' in this context.

यथा (yathā) - as, just as, like

(indeclinable)