महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-111, verse-34

तान्यनीकान्यनीकेषु समसज्जन्त भारत ।
तावकानां परेषां च दृष्ट्वा शांतनवं रणे ॥३४॥

34. tānyanīkānyanīkeṣu samasajjanta bhārata ,
tāvakānāṁ pareṣāṁ ca dṛṣṭvā śāṁtanavaṁ raṇe.

34. tāni anīkāni anīkeṣu samasajjanta bhārata
tāvakānām pareṣām ca dṛṣṭvā śāntanavam raṇe

34. bhārata,
raṇe śāntanavam dṛṣṭvā,
tāvakānām pareṣām ca tāni anīkāni anīkeṣu samasajjanta

34. O Bhārata, seeing Bhīṣma (Śāntanava) in battle, those armies of yours and of the enemies clashed with each other's hosts.

Words meanings summery:

• तानि (tāni) - those

• अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, hosts

• अनीकेषु (anīkeṣu) - in the armies, in the hosts

• समसज्जन्त (samasajjanta) - they met, they clashed, they engaged

• भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the speaker, Sañjaya, is addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)

• तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) armies/warriors (of yours, belonging to your side)

• परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, of enemies

• च (ca) - and, also

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

• शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - Bhishma (Śāntanava) (son of Shantanu)

• रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the conflict

Words meanings and morphology

तानि (tāni) - those

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with 'anīkāni'.

अनीकानि (anīkāni) - armies, hosts

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, troop

Note: Subject of 'samasajjanta'.

अनीकेषु (anīkeṣu) - in the armies, in the hosts

(noun)

Locative, neuter, plural of anīka

anīka - army, host, troop

Note: Indicates the location or objects of clash.

समसज्जन्त (samasajjanta) - they met, they clashed, they engaged

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, Past Imperfect (laṅ) of samsajj

Imperfect

Root 'sañj' (to cling, to adhere) with upasarga 'sam'.

Prefix: sam

Root: sañj (class 1)

भारत (bhārata) - O Dhṛtarāṣṭra (the speaker, Sañjaya, is addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra) (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, an Indian

Derived from Bharata, name of an ancient king. Here used in the vocative case.

Note: Addressing Dhṛtarāṣṭra.

तावकानाम् (tāvakānām) - of your (Dhṛtarāṣṭra's) armies/warriors (of yours, belonging to your side)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tāvaka

tāvaka - your, belonging to you

Derived from 'tva' (you) with the possessive suffix -aka.

Note: Qualifies implied 'soldiers' or 'armies'.

परेषाम् (pareṣām) - of others, of enemies

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, plural of para

para - other, enemy, superior

Note: Qualifies implied 'soldiers' or 'armies'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Formed from root 'dṛś' (to see) with the suffix -tvā.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: Indicates an action completed before the main verb 'samasajjanta'.

शान्तनवम् (śāntanavam) - Bhishma (Śāntanava) (son of Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu, Bhishma

Derived from Shantanu (name of a king) with the patronymic suffix -ava.

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'. Refers to Bhishma.

रणे (raṇe) - in battle, in the conflict

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of raṇa

raṇa - battle, conflict, war