महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-111, verse-24

दुःशासनश्च बलवान्सह सर्वैः सहोदरैः ।
भीष्मं समरमध्यस्थं पालयां चक्रिरे तदा ॥२४॥

24. duḥśāsanaśca balavānsaha sarvaiḥ sahodaraiḥ ,
bhīṣmaṁ samaramadhyasthaṁ pālayāṁ cakrire tadā.

24. duḥśāsanaḥ ca balavān saha sarvaiḥ sahodaraiḥ
bhīṣmam samaramadhyastham pālayām cakrire tadā

24. tadā balavān duḥśāsanaḥ ca sarvaiḥ sahodaraiḥ
saha samaramadhyastham bhīṣmam pālayām cakrire

24. Then, the strong Duḥśāsana, along with all his brothers, protected Bhishma, who was positioned in the middle of the battle.

Words meanings summery:

• दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

• च (ca) - and

• बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful

• सह (saha) - with, along with

• सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

• सहोदरैः (sahodaraiḥ) - Refers to Duḥśāsana's brothers, the Kauravas. (by brothers, with brothers)

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

• समरमध्यस्थम् (samaramadhyastham) - standing in the middle of the battle, positioned in battle

• पालयाम् (pālayām) - protected (part of periphrastic perfect)

• चक्रिरे (cakrire) - they did, they made

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

Words meanings and morphology

दुःशासनः (duḥśāsanaḥ) - Duḥśāsana

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of duḥśāsana

duḥśāsana - Duḥśāsana (proper name)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

बलवान् (balavān) - strong, powerful

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of balavat

balavat - strong, powerful, mighty

From `bala` (strength) + possessive suffix `matup`.

Note: Agrees with Duḥśāsana.

सह (saha) - with, along with

(indeclinable)

सर्वैः (sarvaiḥ) - by all, with all

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, entire

Note: Agrees with `sahodaraiḥ`.

सहोदरैः (sahodaraiḥ) - Refers to Duḥśāsana's brothers, the Kauravas. (by brothers, with brothers)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of sahodara

sahodara - brother (one born of the same womb)

Compound of `saha` (together) + `udara` (womb).

Compound type : tatpurusha (saha+udara)

• saha – with, together
  indeclinable
• udara – womb, belly
  noun (neuter)

Note: Governed by `saha`.

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

Note: Object of `pālayāṃ cakrire`.

समरमध्यस्थम् (samaramadhyastham) - standing in the middle of the battle, positioned in battle

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of samaramadhyastha

samaramadhyastha - standing in the midst of battle, stationed in battle

Compound of `samara` (battle) + `madhya` (middle) + `stha` (standing).

Compound type : tatpurusha (samara+madhya+stha)

• samara – battle, war, conflict
  noun (masculine)
• madhya – middle, center
  noun (neuter)
• stha – standing, staying, situated
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root `sthā` (to stand).
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `bhīṣmam`.

पालयाम् (pālayām) - protected (part of periphrastic perfect)

(verb)

active, perfect (Lit (part of periphrastic perfect)) of pālaya

Causative stem

Denominative verb from `pāla` or causative from `pā`.

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Forms a compound verb with `cakrire`.

चक्रिरे (cakrire) - they did, they made

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, perfect (Lit) of kṛ

Perfect, 3rd person plural, middle voice

Forms the auxiliary part of the periphrastic perfect with `pālayām`.

Root: kṛ (class 8)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverbial formation from pronoun `tad`.

Note: Adverb of time.