महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-6, chapter-111, verse-3

संजय उवाच ।
कुरवः पाण्डवैः सार्धं यथायुध्यन्त भारत ।
यथा च तदभूद्युद्धं तत्ते वक्ष्यामि शृण्वतः ॥३॥

3. saṁjaya uvāca ,
kuravaḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ sārdhaṁ yathāyudhyanta bhārata ,
yathā ca tadabhūdyuddhaṁ tatte vakṣyāmi śṛṇvataḥ.

3. sañjayaḥ uvāca kuravaḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ sārdham yathā ayudhyanta
bhārata yathā ca tat abhūt yuddham tat te vakṣyāmi śṛṇvataḥ

3. sañjayaḥ uvāca bhārata kuravaḥ pāṇḍavaiḥ sārdham yathā
ayudhyanta ca yathā tat yuddham abhūt tat te śṛṇvataḥ vakṣyāmi

3. Sañjaya said: "O descendant of Bhārata (Dhritarashtra), listen, and I will narrate to you how the Kauravas fought with the Pandavas, and how that battle unfolded."

Words meanings summery:

• सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - The charioteer and bard of King Dhritarashtra, narrating the events of the battle. (Sanjaya)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Referring to Dhritarashtra's sons and their allies. (the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru)

• पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas, by the Pandavas

• सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which manner

• अयुध्यन्त (ayudhyanta) - they fought, they contended

• भारत (bhārata) - Vocative addressed to Dhritarashtra. (O descendant of Bharata)

• यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which manner

• च (ca) - and, also

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the battle. (that, it)

• अभूत् (abhūt) - happened, occurred, became, was

• युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

• तत् (tat) - Refers to the entire account of the battle. (that, it)

• ते (te) - To Dhritarashtra. (to you, for you, of you)

• वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will tell, I will speak, I will narrate

• शृण्वतः (śṛṇvataḥ) - To you (Dhritarashtra), while you listen. (of one listening, while listening)

Words meanings and morphology

सञ्जयः (sañjayaḥ) - The charioteer and bard of King Dhritarashtra, narrating the events of the battle. (Sanjaya)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sañjaya

sañjaya - Sanjaya (proper name, 'complete victory')

Compound type : tatpurusha (sam+jaya)

• sam – together, completely, perfectly
  indeclinable
  Preposition/prefix
• jaya – victory, triumph, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  From √jī (to conquer).
  Root: jī (class 1)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of vac

perfect active

3rd person singular perfect active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

कुरवः (kuravaḥ) - Referring to Dhritarashtra's sons and their allies. (the Kauravas, descendants of Kuru)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kuru

kuru - a descendant of Kuru; Kaurava

From the name Kuru.

पाण्डवैः (pāṇḍavaiḥ) - with the Pandavas, by the Pandavas

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu; Pandava

Patronymic from Paṇḍu.

Note: Used with 'sārdham' to indicate accompaniment.

सार्धम् (sārdham) - together with, along with

(indeclinable)

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which manner

(indeclinable)

अयुध्यन्त (ayudhyanta) - they fought, they contended

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of yudh

imperfect middle

3rd person plural imperfect middle of √yudh

Root: yudh (class 4)

भारत (bhārata) - Vocative addressed to Dhritarashtra. (O descendant of Bharata)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, relating to Bharata; India

Patronymic from Bharata.

यथा (yathā) - how, as, in which manner

(indeclinable)

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - Refers to the battle. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Subject of abhūt.

अभूत् (abhūt) - happened, occurred, became, was

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, aorist (luṅ) of bhū

aorist active

3rd person singular aorist active of √bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

युद्धम् (yuddham) - battle, war, fight

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yuddha

yuddha - battle, war, fight, combat

From √yudh (to fight) + kta suffix.

Root: yudh (class 4)

Note: Noun in apposition to 'tat'.

तत् (tat) - Refers to the entire account of the battle. (that, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, he, she

Note: Object of 'vakṣyāmi'.

ते (te) - To Dhritarashtra. (to you, for you, of you)

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you (pronoun)

Enclitic form of 'yūṣmad' (you).

Note: Can also be genitive.

वक्ष्यामि (vakṣyāmi) - I will tell, I will speak, I will narrate

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

future active

1st person singular future active of √vac

Root: vac (class 2)

शृण्वतः (śṛṇvataḥ) - To you (Dhritarashtra), while you listen. (of one listening, while listening)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śṛṇvat

śṛṇvat - listening, hearing

Present Active Participle

Present active participle of √śru (to hear), declined in genitive singular.

Root: śru (class 5)