महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-59, verse-42

अथैनं दशभिर्बाणैः प्रत्यविध्यत्स्तनान्तरे ।
यतमानं पराक्रान्तं कुन्तीपुत्रो धनंजयः ॥४२॥

42. athainaṁ daśabhirbāṇaiḥ pratyavidhyatstanāntare ,
yatamānaṁ parākrāntaṁ kuntīputro dhanaṁjayaḥ.

42. atha enam daśabhiḥ bāṇaiḥ pratyavidhyat stanāntare
yatamānam parākrāntam kuntīputraḥ dhanañjayaḥ

42. Then Dhanañjaya (Arjuna), the son of Kunti, struck him (Bhishma) — who was valiantly striving — in the chest with ten arrows.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, next, now

• एनम् (enam) - Refers to Bhishma. (him, this one)

• दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten

• बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

• प्रत्यविध्यत् (pratyavidhyat) - he pierced, he struck

• स्तनान्तरे (stanāntare) - in the chest, between the breasts

• यतमानम् (yatamānam) - Qualifies Bhishma ('him'). (striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself)

• पराक्रान्तम् (parākrāntam) - Qualifies Bhishma ('him'), meaning valiant or mighty. (valiant, mighty, powerful, overcome)

• कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (son of Kunti)

• धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - An epithet of Arjuna, meaning 'conqueror of wealth'. (Dhanañjaya, Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, next, now

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - Refers to Bhishma. (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of enad

enad - this, that, him, her, it

दशभिः (daśabhiḥ) - with ten

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with bāṇaiḥ.

बाणैः (bāṇaiḥ) - with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of bāṇa

bāṇa - arrow, dart

Root: vaṇ

प्रत्यविध्यत् (pratyavidhyat) - he pierced, he struck

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pratyavidh

Imperfect

From prati + vi + root vyadh (to pierce, strike).

Prefixes: prati+vi

Root: vyadh (class 4)

स्तनान्तरे (stanāntare) - in the chest, between the breasts

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of stanāntara

stanāntara - region between the breasts, chest, breast-region

Compound: stana (breast) + antara (between, region).

Compound type : tatpurusha (stana+antara)

• stana – breast, udder
  noun (masculine)
• antara – interval, middle, interior, region, difference
  noun (neuter)

यतमानम् (yatamānam) - Qualifies Bhishma ('him'). (striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of yatamāna

yatamāna - striving, endeavoring, exerting oneself, struggling

Present Middle Participle

From root yat (to strive) with śānac suffix.

Root: yat (class 1)

पराक्रान्तम् (parākrāntam) - Qualifies Bhishma ('him'), meaning valiant or mighty. (valiant, mighty, powerful, overcome)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parākrānta

parākrānta - valiant, mighty, powerful, energetic; also, overcome, conquered

Past Passive Participle

From parā + root kram (to step, go) with kta suffix.

Prefix: parā

Root: kram (class 1)

कुन्तीपुत्रः (kuntīputraḥ) - Refers to Arjuna. (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kuntīputra

kuntīputra - son of Kunti

Compound: Kuntī (mother's name) + putra (son).

Compound type : tatpurusha (kuntī+putra)

• kuntī – Kunti (mother of Arjuna), Pṛthā
  proper noun (feminine)
• putra – son, child
  noun (masculine)

Note: Subject of the verb 'pratyavidhyat'.

धनञ्जयः (dhanañjayaḥ) - An epithet of Arjuna, meaning 'conqueror of wealth'. (Dhanañjaya, Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dhanañjaya

dhanañjaya - conqueror of wealth; an epithet of Arjuna; fire

Compound: dhana (wealth) + jaya (victory/conquest). Formed with a kṛt suffix 'a' from root ji after 'dhana'.

Compound type : upapada-tatpurusha (dhana+jay)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• jay – conquering, winning, victory, triumph
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji (to conquer) with aṇ suffix.
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Subject of the verb 'pratyavidhyat'.