महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-59, verse-30

पाण्डवेन हताः शूरा भीष्मस्य रथरक्षिणः ।
शेरते स्म तदा राजन्कौन्तेयस्याभितो रथम् ॥३०॥

30. pāṇḍavena hatāḥ śūrā bhīṣmasya ratharakṣiṇaḥ ,
śerate sma tadā rājankaunteyasyābhito ratham.

30. pāṇḍavena hatāḥ śūrāḥ bhīṣmasya ratha-rakṣiṇaḥ
śerate sma tadā rājan kaunteyasya abhitaḥ ratham

30. O king, at that time, the brave chariot-guards of Bhishma, who were slain by Arjuna, the Pāṇḍava, lay all around the chariot of Arjuna, the son of Kunti (Kaunteya).

Words meanings summery:

• पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by Arjuna (by the Pandava, by the son of Pandu)

• हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

• शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors, heroes

• भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

• रथ-रक्षिणः (ratha-rakṣiṇaḥ) - chariot-protectors, chariot-guards

• शेरते (śerate) - they lay dead (they lie (down), they sleep)

• स्म (sma) - indeed, verily (particle indicating past tense)

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• कौन्तेयस्य (kaunteyasya) - of Arjuna (of the son of Kunti)

• अभितः (abhitaḥ) - around, on all sides, near

• रथम् (ratham) - chariot

Words meanings and morphology

पाण्डवेन (pāṇḍavena) - by Arjuna (by the Pandava, by the son of Pandu)

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of pāṇḍava

pāṇḍava - descendant of Pandu, son of Pandu

Patronymic derived from Paṇḍu.

Note: Agent of the action 'hatāḥ'.

हताः (hatāḥ) - killed, slain, struck down

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hata

hata - killed, slain, struck down, destroyed

Past Passive Participle

From root han (to strike, kill), past passive participle.

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Modifies 'śūrāḥ ratha-rakṣiṇaḥ'.

शूराः (śūrāḥ) - brave warriors, heroes

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic warrior

Note: Subject of 'śerate sma'.

भीष्मस्य (bhīṣmasya) - of Bhishma

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

Note: Possessive, describes 'ratha-rakṣiṇaḥ'.

रथ-रक्षिणः (ratha-rakṣiṇaḥ) - chariot-protectors, chariot-guards

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ratha-rakṣin

ratha-rakṣin - chariot-protector, chariot-guard

Compound of 'ratha' (chariot) and 'rakṣin' (protector).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ratha+rakṣin)

• ratha – chariot
  noun (masculine)
• rakṣin – protector, guard
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root rakṣ (to protect).
  Root: rakṣ (class 1)

Note: Subject of 'śerate sma'.

शेरते (śerate) - they lay dead (they lie (down), they sleep)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, present (laṭ) of śī

Present Middle

From root śī (to lie), 3rd person plural present middle.

Root: śī (class 2)

Note: Used with 'sma' to indicate past action.

स्म (sma) - indeed, verily (particle indicating past tense)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used with present tense verb to denote a past continuous action.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' with the suffix '-dā' indicating time.

Note: Adverb of time.

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king

कौन्तेयस्य (kaunteyasya) - of Arjuna (of the son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti

Patronymic derived from Kuntī.

Note: Possessive, refers to Arjuna.

अभितः (abhitaḥ) - around, on all sides, near

(indeclinable)

Note: Preposition-like adverb governing 'ratham'.

रथम् (ratham) - chariot

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot

Note: Object of 'abhitaḥ'.