महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-59, verse-28

अथावृणोद्दश दिशः शरैरतिरथस्तदा ।
किरीटमाली कौन्तेयः शूरः शांतनवस्तथा ॥२८॥

28. athāvṛṇoddaśa diśaḥ śarairatirathastadā ,
kirīṭamālī kaunteyaḥ śūraḥ śāṁtanavastathā.

28. atha āvṛṇot daśa diśaḥ śaraiḥ atirathaḥ tadā
kirīṭa-mālī kaunteyaḥ śūraḥ śāntanavaḥ tathā

28. Then, at that time, the great charioteer (atirathaḥ) Arjuna, the son of Kunti (Kaunteya), who wore a crown and garland, covered the ten directions with arrows. Likewise, the brave warrior Bhishma, son of Shantanu (Śāntanava), also did the same.

Words meanings summery:

• अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

• आवृणोत् (āvṛṇot) - covered, enveloped

• दश (daśa) - ten

• दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters (of the sky)

• शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

• अतिरथः (atirathaḥ) - a great charioteer, a warrior who can fight many thousands of warriors

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• किरीट-माली (kirīṭa-mālī) - Arjuna (who is often depicted with a crown) (crowned and garlanded, wearing a diadem and a garland)

• कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Kunti)

• शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave, heroic warrior

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhishma (son of Shantanu)

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, and

Words meanings and morphology

अथ (atha) - then, now, moreover

(indeclinable)

Note: Particle indicating sequence.

आवृणोत् (āvṛṇot) - covered, enveloped

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of āvṛ

Imperfect Active

From root vṛ (to cover) with prefix ā. 3rd person singular imperfect active.

Prefix: ā

Root: vṛ (class 5)

दश (daśa) - ten

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, plural of daśa

daśa - ten

Note: Agrees with 'diśaḥ'.

दिशः (diśaḥ) - directions, quarters (of the sky)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, plural of diś

diś - direction, quarter, point of the compass

Note: Object of the verb 'āvṛṇot'.

शरैः (śaraiḥ) - by arrows, with arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Instrument of the action of covering.

अतिरथः (atirathaḥ) - a great charioteer, a warrior who can fight many thousands of warriors

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of atiratha

atiratha - a great charioteer, a warrior capable of fighting many thousands of warriors alone

Note: Epithet for Arjuna.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Derived from 'tad' with the suffix '-dā' indicating time.

Note: Adverb of time.

किरीट-माली (kirīṭa-mālī) - Arjuna (who is often depicted with a crown) (crowned and garlanded, wearing a diadem and a garland)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kirīṭa-mālin

kirīṭa-mālin - wearing a diadem and a garland, crowned and garlanded

Compound formed from 'kirīṭa' (diadem) and 'mālin' (wearing a garland).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kirīṭa+mālin)

• kirīṭa – diadem, crown
  noun (masculine)
• mālin – wearing a garland, garlanded
  adjective (masculine)
  Possessive suffix '-in' added to 'mālā' (garland).

Note: Epithet for Arjuna.

कौन्तेयः (kaunteyaḥ) - Arjuna (son of Kunti)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kaunteya

kaunteya - son of Kunti

Patronymic derived from Kuntī.

Note: Refers to Arjuna.

शूरः (śūraḥ) - brave, heroic warrior

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śūra

śūra - brave, valiant, heroic warrior

Note: Epithet for Bhishma.

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Bhishma (son of Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - son of Shantanu

Patronymic derived from Śāntanu.

Note: Refers to Bhishma.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, likewise, and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the actions of Arjuna and Bhishma.