महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-59, verse-13

स तैः संछादयामास भीष्मं शरशतैः शितैः ।
पर्वतं वारिधाराभिश्छादयन्निव तोयदः ॥१३॥

13. sa taiḥ saṁchādayāmāsa bhīṣmaṁ śaraśataiḥ śitaiḥ ,
parvataṁ vāridhārābhiśchādayanniva toyadaḥ.

13. sa taiḥ saṃchādayāmāsa bhīṣmam śaraśataiḥ śitaiḥ
parvatam vāridhārābhiḥ chādayan iva toyadaḥ

13. He (Arjuna) completely covered Bhishma with hundreds of sharp arrows, just as a cloud covers a mountain with streams of rain.

Words meanings summery:

• स (sa) - he (Arjuna) (he)

• तैः (taiḥ) - by those (arrows) (by them)

• संछादयामास (saṁchādayāmāsa) - covered completely

• भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

• शरशतैः (śaraśataiḥ) - with hundreds of arrows

• शितैः (śitaiḥ) - sharp, sharpened

• पर्वतम् (parvatam) - a mountain

• वारिधाराभिः (vāridhārābhiḥ) - with streams of water/rain

• छादयन् (chādayan) - covering, concealing

• इव (iva) - like, as

• तोयदः (toyadaḥ) - a cloud

Words meanings and morphology

स (sa) - he (Arjuna) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he/she/it

तैः (taiḥ) - by those (arrows) (by them)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, they

Note: Refers to arrows, which are masculine.

संछादयामास (saṁchādayāmāsa) - covered completely

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, Periphrastic Perfect (lit) of saṃchāday

Causative verb

Periphrastic perfect form of causative verb from root chad with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: chad (class 10)

भीष्मम् (bhīṣmam) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (proper name)

शरशतैः (śaraśataiḥ) - with hundreds of arrows

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, plural of śaraśata

śaraśata - a hundred arrows

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (śara+śata)

• śara – arrow
  noun (masculine)
• śata – a hundred
  noun (neuter)

शितैः (śitaiḥ) - sharp, sharpened

(adjective)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of śita

śita - sharpened, sharp, whetted

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root śo (to sharpen, whet).

Root: śo (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'śaraśataiḥ'.

पर्वतम् (parvatam) - a mountain

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of parvata

parvata - mountain, hill

वारिधाराभिः (vāridhārābhiḥ) - with streams of water/rain

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of vāridhārā

vāridhārā - stream of water, rain shower

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāri+dhārā)

• vāri – water
  noun (neuter)
• dhārā – stream, current, flow
  noun (feminine)

छादयन् (chādayan) - covering, concealing

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of chādayat

chādayat - covering, concealing

Present Active Participle

Derived from root chad (to cover) in the causative sense.

Root: chad (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'toyadaḥ'.

इव (iva) - like, as

(indeclinable)

तोयदः (toyadaḥ) - a cloud

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of toyada

toyada - cloud (giver of water)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (toya+da)

• toya – water
  noun (neuter)
• da – giving, bestowing
  adjective (masculine)
  Suffix -da from root dā
  Agent noun suffix.
  Root: dā (class 3)