महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-59, verse-32

निष्पतन्तो रथात्तस्य धौता हैरण्यवाससः ।
आकाशे समदृश्यन्त हंसानामिव पङ्क्तयः ॥३२॥

32. niṣpatanto rathāttasya dhautā hairaṇyavāsasaḥ ,
ākāśe samadṛśyanta haṁsānāmiva paṅktayaḥ.

32. niṣpatantaḥ rathāt tasya dhautāḥ hairaṇya-vāsasaḥ
ākāśe samadṛśyanta haṃsānām iva paṅktayaḥ

32. Issuing forth from his chariot, those (arrows), shining and with golden coverings, appeared in the sky like rows of swans.

Words meanings summery:

• निष्पतन्तः (niṣpatantaḥ) - issuing forth, falling out, flying out

• रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

• तस्य (tasya) - Arjuna's (his, its)

• धौताः (dhautāḥ) - polished and shining (like gold) (washed, cleansed, shining)

• हैरण्य-वाससः (hairaṇya-vāsasaḥ) - having golden fletching or tips (gold-clad, having golden coverings)

• आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

• समदृश्यन्त (samadṛśyanta) - were seen, appeared

• हंसानाम् (haṁsānām) - of swans

• इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

• पङ्क्तयः (paṅktayaḥ) - rows, lines, series

Words meanings and morphology

निष्पतन्तः (niṣpatantaḥ) - issuing forth, falling out, flying out

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of niṣpatat

niṣpatat - falling out, flying out

Present Active Participle

Derived from the root pat ('to fall, fly') with the prefix nis.

Prefix: nis

Root: pat (class 1)

Note: Refers to the arrows.

रथात् (rathāt) - from the chariot

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of ratha

ratha - chariot, car

तस्य (tasya) - Arjuna's (his, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

धौताः (dhautāḥ) - polished and shining (like gold) (washed, cleansed, shining)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of dhauta

dhauta - washed, cleansed, purified; bright, white

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root dhāu ('to wash').

Root: dhāu (class 1)

Note: Refers to the arrows.

हैरण्य-वाससः (hairaṇya-vāsasaḥ) - having golden fletching or tips (gold-clad, having golden coverings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of hairaṇyavāsas

hairaṇyavāsas - having golden garments or coverings

Bahuvrihi compound meaning 'having golden covering/garment'.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (hairaṇya+vāsas)

• hairaṇya – golden, made of gold
  adjective (neuter)
  Derived from hiraṇya (gold).
• vāsas – garment, clothing, covering
  noun (neuter)

Note: Refers to the arrows.

आकाशे (ākāśe) - in the sky, in space

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of ākāśa

ākāśa - sky, space, ether

समदृश्यन्त (samadṛśyanta) - were seen, appeared

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, past imperfect (laṅ) of sam-dṛś

Prefix: sam

Root: dṛś (class 1)

हंसानाम् (haṁsānām) - of swans

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of haṃsa

haṁsa - swan, goose

इव (iva) - like, as if, similar to

(indeclinable)

पङ्क्तयः (paṅktayaḥ) - rows, lines, series

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, plural of paṅkti

paṅkti - row, line, series