महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-4, chapter-59, verse-40

ततो भीष्मः शांतनवो वामे पार्श्वे समर्पयत् ।
अस्यतः प्रतिसंधाय विवृतं सव्यसाचिनः ॥४०॥

40. tato bhīṣmaḥ śāṁtanavo vāme pārśve samarpayat ,
asyataḥ pratisaṁdhāya vivṛtaṁ savyasācinaḥ.

40. tataḥ bhīṣmaḥ śāntanavaḥ vāme pārśve samarpayat
asyataḥ pratisaṃdhāya vivṛtam savyasācinaḥ

40. Then Bhishma, the son of Shantanu, having fitted an arrow, struck an exposed point on the left side of the shooting Savyasācin (Arjuna).

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

• भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

• शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Refers to Bhishma. (son of Shantanu)

• वामे (vāme) - on the left, to the left

• पार्श्वे (pārśve) - on the side, flank

• समर्पयत् (samarpayat) - He directed an arrow. (he placed, he directed, he entrusted)

• अस्यतः (asyataḥ) - Of Arjuna, who was shooting. (of one who is shooting, of him who casts)

• प्रतिसंधाय (pratisaṁdhāya) - having aimed an arrow. (having fitted, having aimed)

• विवृतम् (vivṛtam) - Referring to an exposed part of Arjuna's body. (exposed, open, uncovered)

• सव्यसाचिनः (savyasācinaḥ) - of Savyasācin (Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thence, from that

(indeclinable)

Derived from tad with tasil suffix.

भीष्मः (bhīṣmaḥ) - Bhishma

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīṣma

bhīṣma - Bhishma (a character in Mahabharata); terrible, formidable, awful

Root: bhī (class 3)

शान्तनवः (śāntanavaḥ) - Refers to Bhishma. (son of Shantanu)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śāntanava

śāntanava - descendant of Shantanu, son of Shantanu

Derived from Shantanu with aṇ suffix.

वामे (vāme) - on the left, to the left

(adjective)

Locative, neuter, singular of vāma

vāma - left, adverse, beautiful, lovely

Note: Agrees with pārśve, which is locative singular (masculine or neuter).

पार्श्वे (pārśve) - on the side, flank

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of pārśva

pārśva - side, flank, proximity, vicinity

Root: pṛś

समर्पयत् (samarpayat) - He directed an arrow. (he placed, he directed, he entrusted)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of samarp

Imperfect

From sam + root ṛ (to go), causative form arpayati.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛ (class 3)

अस्यतः (asyataḥ) - Of Arjuna, who was shooting. (of one who is shooting, of him who casts)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of asyat

asyat - shooting, casting, throwing, flinging

Present Active Participle

From root as (to throw, cast) with śatṛ suffix.

Root: as (class 4)

प्रतिसंधाय (pratisaṁdhāya) - having aimed an arrow. (having fitted, having aimed)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prati + sam + root dhā (to place, put) with lyap suffix.

Prefixes: prati+sam

Root: dhā (class 3)

विवृतम् (vivṛtam) - Referring to an exposed part of Arjuna's body. (exposed, open, uncovered)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of vivṛta

vivṛta - exposed, open, uncovered, revealed, wide open

Past Passive Participle

From vi + root vṛ (to cover, conceal) with kta suffix.

Prefix: vi

Root: vṛ (class 5)

सव्यसाचिनः (savyasācinaḥ) - of Savyasācin (Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of savyasācin

savyasācin - one who can shoot with both hands (literally 'left-handed archer'), an epithet of Arjuna

Compound: savya (left) + sācin (archer, shooter).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (savya+sācin)

• savya – left, left hand, reverse
  adjective (masculine)
• sācin – one who shoots, an archer, companion
  noun (masculine)
  From root sac (to follow, to reach), implying one who reaches the target.
  Root: sac (class 1)