महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-42, verse-14

पाण्डुरेणातपत्रेण ध्रियमाणेन मूर्धनि ।
शुशुभे तारकाराजः सितमभ्रमिवास्थितः ॥१४॥

14. pāṇḍureṇātapatreṇa dhriyamāṇena mūrdhani ,
śuśubhe tārakārājaḥ sitamabhramivāsthitaḥ.

14. pāṇḍureṇa ātapatreṇa dhriyamāṇena mūrdhani
śuśubhe tārakārājaḥ sitam abhram iva āsthitaḥ

14. The Moon, the king of stars, shone splendidly, appearing like a white cloud resting there, with a pale umbrella held over his head.

Words meanings summery:

• पाण्डुरेण (pāṇḍureṇa) - by the pale, by the white

• आतपत्रेण (ātapatreṇa) - by the umbrella, by the parasol

• ध्रियमाणेन (dhriyamāṇena) - by that which is being held, by the one being borne

• मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head, in the head, at the top

• शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - he/she/it shone, appeared splendid, was beautiful

• तारकाराजः (tārakārājaḥ) - the Moon (the king of stars, the moon)

• सितम् (sitam) - white, bright, pale

• अभ्रम् (abhram) - cloud

• इव (iva) - like, as if, as

• आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - situated, placed, standing, seated

Words meanings and morphology

पाण्डुरेण (pāṇḍureṇa) - by the pale, by the white

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of pāṇḍura

pāṇḍura - pale, white, yellowish-white

Note: Modifies 'ātapatreṇa'.

आतपत्रेण (ātapatreṇa) - by the umbrella, by the parasol

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of ātapatra

ātapatra - umbrella, parasol

ध्रियमाणेन (dhriyamāṇena) - by that which is being held, by the one being borne

(participle)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dhriyamāṇa

dhriyamāṇa - being held, being borne, being sustained

Present Passive Participle

Derived from the root √dhṛ (to hold, bear, sustain) with the suffix -yamāṇa (passive present participle ending).

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'ātapatreṇa'.

मूर्धनि (mūrdhani) - on the head, in the head, at the top

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of mūrdhan

mūrdhan - head, top, summit

शुशुभे (śuśubhe) - he/she/it shone, appeared splendid, was beautiful

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (lit) of śubh

Root: śubh (class 1)

तारकाराजः (tārakārājaḥ) - the Moon (the king of stars, the moon)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tārakārāja

tārakārāja - king of stars (epithet for the Moon)

Compound type : ṣaṣṭhī-tatpuruṣa (tārakā+rāja)

• tārakā – star, pupil of the eye
  noun (feminine)
• rāja – king, ruler
  noun (masculine)

सितम् (sitam) - white, bright, pale

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sita

sita - white, bright, bound, tied

Past Passive Participle (from √si to bind, or √śvet to be white)

Typically means white in this context.

Root: śvit (class 1)

Note: Modifies 'abhram'.

अभ्रम् (abhram) - cloud

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of abhra

abhra - cloud, sky, atmosphere

इव (iva) - like, as if, as

(indeclinable)

आस्थितः (āsthitaḥ) - situated, placed, standing, seated

(participle)

Nominative, masculine, singular of āsthita

āsthita - situated, standing, placed, entered, occupied

Past Passive Participle

Derived from the root √sthā (to stand) with the prefix ā-.

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)