महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-42, verse-20

पितुर्ममांशो देवस्य सर्वलोकप्रतापिनः ।
कर्णः स सुमहावीर्यस्त्वया वध्यो धनंजय ॥२०॥

20. piturmamāṁśo devasya sarvalokapratāpinaḥ ,
karṇaḥ sa sumahāvīryastvayā vadhyo dhanaṁjaya.

20. pituḥ mama aṁśaḥ devasya sarvalokapratāpinaḥ
karṇaḥ sa sumahāvīryaḥ tvayā vadhyaḥ dhanaṃjaya

20. Karṇa is an emanation (aṁśa) of my father, the god who torments all worlds. That exceedingly powerful one must be slain by you, O conqueror of wealth (Dhamañjaya).

Words meanings summery:

• पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

• मम (mama) - my, of me

• अंशः (aṁśaḥ) - part, share, emanation

• देवस्य (devasya) - of the god, of the deity

• सर्वलोकप्रतापिनः (sarvalokapratāpinaḥ) - of the god who torments all worlds (of him who afflicts/torments all worlds, of him who illuminates all worlds)

• कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (proper name)

• स (sa) - he, that (one)

• सुमहावीर्यः (sumahāvīryaḥ) - very greatly powerful, exceedingly valorous

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - must be slain (to be killed, killable, worthy of being killed)

• धनंजय (dhanaṁjaya) - O conqueror of wealth (Arjuna) (conqueror of wealth)

Words meanings and morphology

पितुः (pituḥ) - of the father

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of pitṛ

pitṛ - father

मम (mama) - my, of me

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

अंशः (aṁśaḥ) - part, share, emanation

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aṁśa

aṁśa - part, share, portion, emanation

देवस्य (devasya) - of the god, of the deity

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

सर्वलोकप्रतापिनः (sarvalokapratāpinaḥ) - of the god who torments all worlds (of him who afflicts/torments all worlds, of him who illuminates all worlds)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of sarvalokapratāpin

sarvalokapratāpin - afflicting all worlds, illuminating all worlds, majestic throughout all worlds

Agent noun derived from pratāpayati (causative of tap)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (sarvaloka+pratāpin)

• sarvaloka – all worlds
  noun (masculine)
• pratāpin – one who torments, one who illuminates, radiant
  adjective (masculine)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'devasya'.

कर्णः (karṇaḥ) - Karṇa (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of karṇa

karṇa - ear; Karṇa (name of a hero in the Mahābhārata)

स (sa) - he, that (one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

सुमहावीर्यः (sumahāvīryaḥ) - very greatly powerful, exceedingly valorous

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahāvīrya

sumahāvīrya - very greatly powerful, exceedingly valorous

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahāvīrya)

• su – very, exceedingly, good
  indeclinable
• mahāvīrya – great power, great valor
  noun (neuter)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

वध्यः (vadhyaḥ) - must be slain (to be killed, killable, worthy of being killed)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vadhya

vadhya - to be killed, killable, worthy of being killed

Gerundive

Derived from the root 'han' (to strike, kill), which often takes the form 'vadh'

Root: han (class 2)

धनंजय (dhanaṁjaya) - O conqueror of wealth (Arjuna) (conqueror of wealth)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth (an epithet for Arjuna and also fire)

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, money
  noun (neuter)
• jaya – conquering, victory
  noun (masculine)
  Root: ji (class 1)