महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-42, verse-25

ततो जलधरश्यामो वरुणो यादसां पतिः ।
पश्चिमां दिशमास्थाय गिरमुच्चारयन्प्रभुः ॥२५॥

25. tato jaladharaśyāmo varuṇo yādasāṁ patiḥ ,
paścimāṁ diśamāsthāya giramuccārayanprabhuḥ.

25. tataḥ jaladharaśyāmaḥ varuṇaḥ yādasām patiḥ
paścimām diśam āsthāya giram uccārayan prabhuḥ

25. Then Varuna, the mighty lord of aquatic creatures, dark like a rain cloud, having taken up his position in the western direction, began to speak.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

• जलधरश्यामः (jaladharaśyāmaḥ) - dark like a rain cloud, cloud-dark

• वरुणः (varuṇaḥ) - the deity Varuna (Varuna (god of waters, cosmic order))

• यादसाम् (yādasām) - of aquatic creatures

• पतिः (patiḥ) - lord (lord, master, husband)

• पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - western

• दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

• आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken up his position (having taken up position, having stood, having resorted to)

• गिरम् (giram) - speech, word, voice

• उच्चारयन् (uccārayan) - uttering, speaking, proclaiming

• प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - mighty, lord, master

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereupon, from that

(indeclinable)

from tad (that) + tas (suffix for ablative/adverbial)

जलधरश्यामः (jaladharaśyāmaḥ) - dark like a rain cloud, cloud-dark

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaladharaśyāma

jaladharaśyāma - dark like a rain cloud, having the dark hue of a cloud

jaladhara (rain cloud) + śyāma (dark, black)

Compound type : upamāna-pūrvapada karmadhāraya (jaladhara+śyāma)

• jaladhara – rain cloud (lit. 'water bearer')
  noun (masculine)
  jala (water) + dhara (bearer)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• śyāma – dark, black, dark-blue, green
  adjective (masculine)
  Root: śyai (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `varuṇaḥ`.

वरुणः (varuṇaḥ) - the deity Varuna (Varuna (god of waters, cosmic order))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of varuṇa

varuṇa - Varuna (Vedic deity associated with waters and cosmic order), a god

from root vṛ (to cover, encompass)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Subject of the sentence.

यादसाम् (yādasām) - of aquatic creatures

(noun)

Genitive, neuter, plural of yādas

yādas - aquatic creature, sea monster

Note: Possessive, governing `patiḥ`.

पतिः (patiḥ) - lord (lord, master, husband)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pati

pati - lord, master, owner, husband, protector

Root: pā (class 2)

Note: In apposition to `varuṇaḥ`.

पश्चिमाम् (paścimām) - western

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of paścima

paścima - western, hindmost, last

from paśca (behind) + ima (suffix)

Note: Qualifies `diśam`.

दिशम् (diśam) - direction, quarter

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of diś

diś - direction, quarter of the sky, region

from root diś (to point)

Root: diś (class 6)

Note: Object of `āsthāya` (implicitly, as āsthāya describes taking a position in a direction).

आस्थाय (āsthāya) - having taken up his position (having taken up position, having stood, having resorted to)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

from root sthā (to stand) with upasarga ā

Prefix: ā

Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Expresses prior action.

गिरम् (giram) - speech, word, voice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of gir

gir - speech, word, voice, song

from root gṛ (to praise, proclaim)

Root: gṛ (class 6)

Note: Object of `uccārayan`.

उच्चारयन् (uccārayan) - uttering, speaking, proclaiming

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of uccārayat

uccārayat - uttering, speaking, pronouncing

Present Active Participle

from root car (to move) with upasarga ut-ā, causative stem

Prefixes: ud+ā

Root: car (class 1)

Note: Qualifies `varuṇaḥ`, indicating simultaneous action.

प्रभुः (prabhuḥ) - mighty, lord, master

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - mighty, powerful, lord, master, sovereign

pra (forth) + bhū (to be, to exist, also noun 'being')

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pra+bhū)

• pra – forth, forward, very, intensely
  indeclinable
  prefix
• bhū – being, existence, the earth (as a noun)
  noun (feminine)
  from root bhū (to be, become)
  Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: In apposition to `varuṇaḥ`.