महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-263, verse-19

ततो ददृशतुस्तौ तं छिन्नपक्षद्वयं तथा ।
तयोः शशंस गृध्रस्तु सीतार्थे रावणाद्वधम् ॥१९॥

19. tato dadṛśatustau taṁ chinnapakṣadvayaṁ tathā ,
tayoḥ śaśaṁsa gṛdhrastu sītārthe rāvaṇādvadham.

19. tataḥ dadṛśatuḥ tau tam chinnapakṣadvayam tathā
tayoḥ śaśaṃsa gṛdhraḥ tu sītārthe rāvaṇāt vadham

19. Then Rama and Lakshmana saw him (Jatayu) with his two wings severed, in that state. The vulture then recounted to them how he was wounded by Ravana for Sita's sake.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

• ददृशतुः (dadṛśatuḥ) - they two saw

• तौ (tau) - those two (Rama and Lakshmana) (those two)

• तम् (tam) - him (Jatayu) (him, that one)

• छिन्नपक्षद्वयम् (chinnapakṣadvayam) - having two severed wings, with both wings cut

• तथा (tathā) - in that condition (thus, so, in that manner)

• तयोः (tayoḥ) - to those two (Rama and Lakshmana) (to those two, of those two)

• शशंस (śaśaṁsa) - he narrated, he told, he reported

• गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - The vulture (Jatayu) (vulture)

• तु (tu) - (emphasizing) (but, indeed, however)

• सीतार्थे (sītārthe) - for Sita's sake, on account of Sita

• रावणात् (rāvaṇāt) - from Ravana

• वधम् (vadham) - slaying, injury, death, striking

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, thereafter, from that

(indeclinable)

Formed from `tad` with `-tas` suffix

ददृशतुः (dadṛśatuḥ) - they two saw

(verb)

3rd person , dual, active, perfect (lit) of dṛś

Perfect active, 3rd person dual

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तौ (tau) - those two (Rama and Lakshmana) (those two)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that

Note: Subject of `dadṛśatuḥ`.

तम् (tam) - him (Jatayu) (him, that one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that

Note: Object of `dadṛśatuḥ`.

छिन्नपक्षद्वयम् (chinnapakṣadvayam) - having two severed wings, with both wings cut

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of chinnapakṣadvaya

chinnapakṣadvaya - having two severed wings

Bahuvrihi compound

Compound type : bahuvrihi (chinna+pakṣa+dvaya)

• chinna – cut, severed, broken
  adjective
  Past Passive Participle
  From root `chid` (to cut)
  Root: chid (class 7)
• pakṣa – wing, side
  noun (masculine)
• dvaya – a pair, two
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies `tam`.

तथा (tathā) - in that condition (thus, so, in that manner)

(indeclinable)

Adverbial particle

तयोः (tayoḥ) - to those two (Rama and Lakshmana) (to those two, of those two)

(pronoun)

Dative, masculine, dual of tad

tad - that

Note: Also genitive dual. Here, dative (to them).

शशंस (śaśaṁsa) - he narrated, he told, he reported

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of śaṃs

Perfect active, 3rd person singular

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - The vulture (Jatayu) (vulture)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture

Note: Subject of `śaśaṃsa`.

तु (tu) - (emphasizing) (but, indeed, however)

(indeclinable)

Particle, often used adversatively or for emphasis

सीतार्थे (sītārthe) - for Sita's sake, on account of Sita

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of sītārtha

sītārtha - for Sita's sake

tatpurusha compound

Compound type : tatpurusha (sītā+artha)

• sītā – Sita (proper name)
  proper noun (feminine)
• artha – purpose, meaning, sake, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Used adverbially (for the sake of Sita).

रावणात् (rāvaṇāt) - from Ravana

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of rāvaṇa

rāvaṇa - Ravana (the demon king)

Note: Indicates agent of injury/sickness.

वधम् (vadham) - slaying, injury, death, striking

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of vadha

vadha - slaying, striking, injury, death

From root `vadh` (to strike)

Root: vadh (class 1)

Note: Object of `śaśaṃsa`.