महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-262, verse-41

तां ददर्श तदा गृध्रो जटायुर्गिरिगोचरः ।
रुदतीं राम रामेति ह्रियमाणां तपस्विनीम् ॥४१॥

41. tāṁ dadarśa tadā gṛdhro jaṭāyurgirigocaraḥ ,
rudatīṁ rāma rāmeti hriyamāṇāṁ tapasvinīm.

41. tām dadarśa tadā gṛdhraḥ jaṭāyuḥ giri-gocaraḥ
rudatīm rāma rāma iti hriyamāṇām tapasvinīm

41. Then, the vulture Jaṭāyu, who frequented the mountains (girigocara), saw that ascetic woman (tapasvinī) being abducted (hriyamāṇā) while crying out, "Rāma! Rāma!"

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that (Sītā) (her, that (feminine accusative))

• ददर्श (dadarśa) - he (Jaṭāyu) saw (he saw, he beheld)

• तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

• गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - the vulture (Jaṭāyu) (vulture, raven)

• जटायुः (jaṭāyuḥ) - Jaṭāyu (Jaṭāyu (proper noun))

• गिरि-गोचरः (giri-gocaraḥ) - who frequented the mountains (mountain-dweller, mountain-roaming)

• रुदतीम् (rudatīm) - crying out (crying, weeping (feminine accusative))

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma! (Rāma (vocative))

• राम (rāma) - O Rāma! (Rāma (vocative))

• इति (iti) - thus (marking Sītā's cry) (thus, so, in this manner (marks quoted speech or thought))

• ह्रियमाणाम् (hriyamāṇām) - being abducted (being carried away, being abducted)

• तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - the ascetic woman (Sītā, who lives an ascetic life in the forest) (ascetic woman, female renunciate, distressed woman)

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that (Sītā) (her, that (feminine accusative))

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, he, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'dadarśa'.

ददर्श (dadarśa) - he (Jaṭāyu) saw (he saw, he beheld)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

perfect tense

Root DṚŚ, 3rd person singular, Parasmaipada. Reduplicated form.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb from 'tad'.

गृध्रः (gṛdhraḥ) - the vulture (Jaṭāyu) (vulture, raven)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gṛdhra

gṛdhra - vulture, greedy, raven

From root GṚDH 'to desire'.

Root: gṛdh (class 4)

Note: Subject of 'dadarśa'.

जटायुः (jaṭāyuḥ) - Jaṭāyu (Jaṭāyu (proper noun))

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of jaṭāyu

jaṭāyu - Name of a mythical vulture, a friend of Daśaratha.

Note: Appositional to 'gṛdhraḥ'.

गिरि-गोचरः (giri-gocaraḥ) - who frequented the mountains (mountain-dweller, mountain-roaming)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of giri-gocara

giri-gocara - moving on mountains, mountain-roaming, mountain-dweller

Tatpurusha compound: 'giri' (mountain) + 'gocara' (moving, dwelling).

Compound type : tatpurusha (giri+gocara)

• giri – mountain, hill
  noun (masculine)
• gocara – moving, dwelling, range, sphere
  adjective (masculine)
  From root GAM 'to go'.
  Root: gam (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'Jaṭāyu'.

रुदतीम् (rudatīm) - crying out (crying, weeping (feminine accusative))

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rudatī

rud - to cry, to weep, to lament

present active participle

From root RUD, feminine singular accusative.

Root: rud (class 2)

राम (rāma) - O Rāma! (Rāma (vocative))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero of Rāmāyaṇa), pleasant, beautiful

राम (rāma) - O Rāma! (Rāma (vocative))

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rāma

rāma - Rāma (name of the hero of Rāmāyaṇa), pleasant, beautiful

Note: Repetition for emotional intensity.

इति (iti) - thus (marking Sītā's cry) (thus, so, in this manner (marks quoted speech or thought))

(indeclinable)

ह्रियमाणाम् (hriyamāṇām) - being abducted (being carried away, being abducted)

(participle)

Accusative, feminine, singular of hriyamāṇā

hṛ - to take, to carry, to seize, to abduct

present passive participle

From root HṚ, present passive participle (Ātmanepada), feminine singular accusative.

Root: hṛ (class 1)

तपस्विनीम् (tapasvinīm) - the ascetic woman (Sītā, who lives an ascetic life in the forest) (ascetic woman, female renunciate, distressed woman)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tapasvinī

tapasvinī - female ascetic, female devotee, a distressed or suffering woman

Feminine form of 'tapasvin'. Derived from 'tapas' (asceticism).

Note: Describes Sītā.