महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-262, verse-31

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सा तमालक्ष्य संप्राप्तं धर्मज्ञा जनकात्मजा ।
निमन्त्रयामास तदा फलमूलाशनादिभिः ॥३१॥

31. sā tamālakṣya saṁprāptaṁ dharmajñā janakātmajā ,
nimantrayāmāsa tadā phalamūlāśanādibhiḥ.

31. sā tam ālakṣya saṃprāptam dharmajñā janakātmajā
nimantrayāmāsa tadā phalamūlāśanādibhiḥ

31. She, Janaka's daughter (Sītā), being one who understands natural law (dharma), upon noticing his arrival, then invited him with an offering of fruits, roots, and other food items.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

सा (sā) - She (Sita) (she, that (feminine nominative singular))

तम् (tam) - him (Ravana) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

आलक्ष्य (ālakṣya) - upon noticing (having perceived, having seen)

संप्राप्तम् (saṁprāptam) - who had arrived (having arrived, having reached, obtained (masculine accusative singular))

धर्मज्ञा (dharmajñā) - one who understands natural law (dharma) (knowing (dharma), skilled in (dharma), righteous)

जनकात्मजा (janakātmajā) - Sita, daughter of Janaka (daughter of Janaka)

निमन्त्रयामास (nimantrayāmāsa) - invited (to partake in hospitality) (invited, entertained)

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

फलमूलाशनादिभिः (phalamūlāśanādibhiḥ) - with an offering of fruits, roots, and other food items (with fruits, roots, food, and other things)

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - She (Sita) (she, that (feminine nominative singular))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she

तम् (tam) - him (Ravana) (him, that (masculine accusative singular))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, him

आलक्ष्य (ālakṣya) - upon noticing (having perceived, having seen)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Root lakṣ with prefix ā, followed by suffix -ya (forming an absolutive)

Prefix: ā

Root: lakṣ (class 10)

Note: Acts as a verbal participle.

संप्राप्तम् (saṁprāptam) - who had arrived (having arrived, having reached, obtained (masculine accusative singular))

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of saṃprāpta

saṁprāpta - obtained, arrived, reached

Past Passive Participle

From root āp (to obtain, reach) with prefixes sam and pra

Prefixes: sam+pra

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'tam' (him).

धर्मज्ञा (dharmajñā) - one who understands natural law (dharma) (knowing (dharma), skilled in (dharma), righteous)

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of dharmajña

dharmajña - knowing natural law (dharma), knowing justice or duty

From dharma + jña (knower)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (dharma+jña)

dharma – natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness
noun (masculine)
Root: dhṛ (class 1)
jña – knower, understanding
adjective (feminine)
From root jñā (to know) + suffix a
Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'Janakātmajā' (Sita).

जनकात्मजा (janakātmajā) - Sita, daughter of Janaka (daughter of Janaka)

(proper noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of janakātmajā

janakātmajā - daughter of Janaka

From Janaka + ātmajā (daughter)

Compound type : Tatpuruṣa (janaka+ātmajā)

janaka – Janaka (proper name, king of Videha)
proper noun (masculine)
ātmajā – daughter
noun (feminine)
From ātman + jan (to be born) + ā (feminine suffix)
Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Refers to Sita.

निमन्त्रयामास (nimantrayāmāsa) - invited (to partake in hospitality) (invited, entertained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of nimantray

Perfect tense (ām-pratyaya with causative/denominative stem)

From root mantra (to advise) with prefix ni, causative (denom. from mantrā) forming ni-mantrayati. Perfect (lit), 3rd person singular.

Prefix: ni

Root: mantr (class 10)

Note: This is a Periphrastic Perfect form.

तदा (tadā) - then (then, at that time)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverb of time.