महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-262, verse-21

निशाचरं विदित्वा तं राघवः प्रतिभानवान् ।
अमोघं शरमादाय जघान मृगरूपिणम् ॥२१॥

21. niśācaraṁ viditvā taṁ rāghavaḥ pratibhānavān ,
amoghaṁ śaramādāya jaghāna mṛgarūpiṇam.

21. niśācaram viditvā tam rāghavaḥ pratibhānavān
amogham śaram ādāya jaghāna mṛgarūpiṇam

21. Having recognized him as a night-demon (rākṣasa), the astute Rāghava took an unfailing arrow and killed the one who was in the form of a deer.

Words meanings summery:

• निशाचरम् (niśācaram) - Mārīca, the demon (night-wanderer, demon)

• विदित्वा (viditvā) - having recognized his true form (having known, having understood)

• तम् (tam) - Mārīca, the demon (him, that)

• राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Prince Rāma (descendant of Raghu, Rāma)

• प्रतिभानवान् (pratibhānavān) - Rāma, being endowed with sharp intellect (intelligent, astute, resourceful, brilliant)

• अमोघम् (amogham) - an arrow that would surely hit its target (unfailing, unerring, effective)

• शरम् (śaram) - a divine arrow used by Rāma (arrow)

• आदाय (ādāya) - Rāma taking his unfailing arrow (having taken, taking)

• जघान (jaghāna) - Rāma killed Mārīca (he killed, he struck)

• मृगरूपिणम् (mṛgarūpiṇam) - Mārīca, who had assumed the form of a deer (having the form of a deer, deer-shaped)

Words meanings and morphology

निशाचरम् (niśācaram) - Mārīca, the demon (night-wanderer, demon)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of niśācara

niśācara - night-wanderer, demon, rākṣasa

Compound type : tatpurusha (niśā+cara)

• niśā – night
  noun (feminine)
• cara – moving, going; a goer
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root car (class 1).
  Root: car (class 1)

Note: Object of 'viditvā'.

विदित्वा (viditvā) - having recognized his true form (having known, having understood)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Derived from root vid (class 2) with -tvā suffix.

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

तम् (tam) - Mārīca, the demon (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Object of 'viditvā'.

राघवः (rāghavaḥ) - Prince Rāma (descendant of Raghu, Rāma)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rāghava

rāghava - descendant of Raghu, a name for Rāma

Note: Subject of 'jaghāna'.

प्रतिभानवान् (pratibhānavān) - Rāma, being endowed with sharp intellect (intelligent, astute, resourceful, brilliant)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pratibhāna-vat

pratibhāna-vat - having intelligence, ingenious, resourceful

Derived from pratibhāna (intelligence) with possessive suffix -vat.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (pratibhāna)

• pratibhāna – intelligence, acumen, quick wit, resourcefulness
  noun (neuter)
  Derived from root bhā (class 1) with prefix prati-.
  Prefix: prati
  Root: bhā (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Rāghava.

अमोघम् (amogham) - an arrow that would surely hit its target (unfailing, unerring, effective)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of amogha

amogha - unfailing, unerring, effective, productive

Negative compound (na mogha).

Note: Agrees with śaram.

शरम् (śaram) - a divine arrow used by Rāma (arrow)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of śara

śara - arrow

Note: Object of 'ādāya'.

आदाय (ādāya) - Rāma taking his unfailing arrow (having taken, taking)

(indeclinable)

absolutive

Formed with prefix ā- and root dā (class 3) with -ya suffix.

Prefix: ā

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

जघान (jaghāna) - Rāma killed Mārīca (he killed, he struck)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of han

Perfect Active

Derived from root han (class 2).

Root: han (class 2)

Note: Main verb of the sentence.

मृगरूपिणम् (mṛgarūpiṇam) - Mārīca, who had assumed the form of a deer (having the form of a deer, deer-shaped)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of mṛgarūpin

mṛgarūpin - having the form of a deer, deer-shaped

Derived from the compound mṛgarūpa with the possessive suffix -in.

Compound type : bahuvrihi (mṛga+rūpa)

• mṛga – deer, wild animal
  noun (masculine)
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with the implied object 'him' (Mārīca).