महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-149, verse-51

तपोधर्मदमेज्याभिर्विप्रा यान्ति यथा दिवम् ।
दानातिथ्यक्रियाधर्मैर्यान्ति वैश्याश्च सद्गतिम् ॥५१॥

51. tapodharmadamejyābhirviprā yānti yathā divam ,
dānātithyakriyādharmairyānti vaiśyāśca sadgatim.

51. tapodhamejyābhiḥ viprāḥ yānti yathā divam
dānātithyakriyādharmaiḥ yānti vaiśyāḥ ca sadgatim

51. Just as Brahmins attain heaven through austerity (tapas), their natural law (dharma), self-control, and sacrifices, so too do Vaishyas attain an auspicious state through acts of giving (dāna), hospitality, and the natural law (dharma) of their vocational activities.

Words meanings summery:

• तपोधमेज्याभिः (tapodhamejyābhiḥ) - by austerities, natural law, self-control, and sacrifices

• विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brahmins, twice-born

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they attain

• यथा (yathā) - just as, in the manner that

• दिवम् (divam) - to heaven, the sky

• दानातिथ्यक्रियाधर्मैः (dānātithyakriyādharmaiḥ) - by charity, hospitality, rituals, and duties

• यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they attain

• वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - Vaishyas

• च (ca) - and

• सद्गतिम् (sadgatim) - a good destination, an auspicious state

Words meanings and morphology

तपोधमेज्याभिः (tapodhamejyābhiḥ) - by austerities, natural law, self-control, and sacrifices

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, plural of tapodhamejyā

tapodhamejyā - austerity, natural law, self-control, and sacrifice (as a group)

Compound type : dvandva (tapas+dharma+dama+ijyā)

• tapas – austerity, asceticism
  noun (neuter)
  Root: tap (class 1)
• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)
• dama – self-control, restraint
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dam (class 1)
• ijyā – sacrifice, worship, offering
  noun (feminine)
  Root: yaj (class 1)

विप्राः (viprāḥ) - Brahmins, twice-born

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vipra

vipra - Brahmin, inspired one, priest

यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they attain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

यथा (yathā) - just as, in the manner that

(indeclinable)

दिवम् (divam) - to heaven, the sky

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of div

div - heaven, sky, celestial realm

दानातिथ्यक्रियाधर्मैः (dānātithyakriyādharmaiḥ) - by charity, hospitality, rituals, and duties

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of dānātithyakriyādharma

dānātithyakriyādharma - giving, hospitality, ritual action, and duty (as a group)

Compound type : dvandva (dāna+ātithya+kriyā+dharma)

• dāna – giving, charity, donation
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dā (class 3)
• ātithya – hospitality, reception of guests
  noun (neuter)
• kriyā – action, rite, ritual, activity
  noun (feminine)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)
• dharma – natural law, duty, righteousness
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

यान्ति (yānti) - they go, they attain

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of yā

Root: yā (class 2)

वैश्याः (vaiśyāḥ) - Vaishyas

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vaiśya

vaiśya - Vaishya, a member of the third (merchant/farmer) class

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

सद्गतिम् (sadgatim) - a good destination, an auspicious state

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sadgati

sadgati - good path, auspicious state, good destination, salvation

Compound type : tatpurusha (sat+gati)

• sat – good, true, existent
  adjective (masculine)
  Present Active Participle
  From root as (to be)
  Root: as (class 2)
• gati – going, motion, path, destination
  noun (feminine)
  Root: gam (class 1)