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3,149

महाभारतः       mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-149, verse-32

सा चेद्धर्मक्रिया न स्यात्त्रयीधर्ममृते भुवि ।
दण्डनीतिमृते चापि निर्मर्यादमिदं भवेत् ॥३२॥
32. sā ceddharmakriyā na syāttrayīdharmamṛte bhuvi ,
daṇḍanītimṛte cāpi nirmaryādamidaṁ bhavet.
32. sā cet dharmakriyā na syāt trayīdharmaṃ ṛte bhuvi
daṇḍanītim ṛte ca api nirmaryādam idam bhavet
32. If that proper functioning (dharmakriyā) were not to exist on earth—meaning, if it were without the natural law (dharma) taught by the triple Veda, and also without the science of governance (daṇḍanīti)—then this world would become unrestrained and devoid of order.

Words meanings summery:

(Scroll down for elaborated words morphology)

  • सा (sā) - that (referring to `lokayātrā` or the 'affairs of the world' from the previous verse) (that (feminine singular nominative))
  • चेत् (cet) - if
  • धर्मक्रिया (dharmakriyā) - action of natural law (dharma), righteous action, proper functioning
  • (na) - not, no
  • स्यात् (syāt) - it should be, it would be, it might be
  • त्रयीधर्मं (trayīdharmaṁ) - the natural law (dharma) of the triple Veda
  • ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from
  • भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world, on the ground
  • दण्डनीतिम् (daṇḍanītim) - the science of governance (daṇḍanīti), political science, administration of justice
  • ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from
  • (ca) - and, also
  • अपि (api) - also, even
  • निर्मर्यादम् (nirmaryādam) - without boundaries, without order, unrestrained, lawless
  • इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the world or the system of affairs) (this (neuter singular nominative))
  • भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be, it would become

Words meanings and morphology

सा (sā) - that (referring to `lokayātrā` or the 'affairs of the world' from the previous verse) (that (feminine singular nominative))
(pronoun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of tad
tad - that, she, it
Feminine nominative singular form of 'tad'
चेत् (cet) - if
(indeclinable)
धर्मक्रिया (dharmakriyā) - action of natural law (dharma), righteous action, proper functioning
(noun)
Nominative, feminine, singular of dharmakriyā
dharmakriyā - action of dharma, righteous act, proper performance
Compound noun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (dharma+kriyā)
  • dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
    noun (masculine)
    Root: dhṛ (class 1)
  • kriyā – action, deed, activity, performance
    noun (feminine)
    Root: kṛ (class 8)
(na) - not, no
(indeclinable)
स्यात् (syāt) - it should be, it would be, it might be
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of as
optative mood
Third person singular optative form of 'as'
Root: as (class 2)
त्रयीधर्मं (trayīdharmaṁ) - the natural law (dharma) of the triple Veda
(noun)
Accusative, masculine, singular of trayīdharma
trayīdharma - the dharma (natural law/duty) related to the three Vedas
Compound noun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (trayī+dharma)
  • trayī – the three Vedas (Ṛg, Sāma, Yajur), triple knowledge
    noun (feminine)
  • dharma – natural law, constitution, intrinsic nature, duty, righteousness, virtue
    noun (masculine)
    Root: dhṛ (class 1)
ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from
(indeclinable)
Note: Governs the accusative case.
भुवि (bhuvi) - on earth, in the world, on the ground
(noun)
Locative, feminine, singular of bhū
bhū - earth, ground, land
Root: bhū (class 1)
दण्डनीतिम् (daṇḍanītim) - the science of governance (daṇḍanīti), political science, administration of justice
(noun)
Accusative, feminine, singular of daṇḍanīti
daṇḍanīti - science of governance, polity, administration of justice, punishment
Compound noun
Compound type : tatpuruṣa (daṇḍa+nīti)
  • daṇḍa – rod, staff, punishment, scepter, authority
    noun (masculine)
    Root: daṇḍ (class 1)
  • nīti – guidance, conduct, policy, statecraft, morality
    noun (feminine)
    Root: nī (class 1)
ऋते (ṛte) - without, except for, apart from
(indeclinable)
Note: Governs the accusative case.
(ca) - and, also
(indeclinable)
अपि (api) - also, even
(indeclinable)
निर्मर्यादम् (nirmaryādam) - without boundaries, without order, unrestrained, lawless
(adjective)
Nominative, neuter, singular of nirmaryāda
nirmaryāda - without limits, without order, unrestrained, lawless
Compound adjective
Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nir+maryādā)
  • nir – without, out of, cessation
    indeclinable
  • maryādā – boundary, limit, moral law, social order, decorum
    noun (feminine)
Note: Predicative adjective for 'idam'.
इदम् (idam) - this (referring to the world or the system of affairs) (this (neuter singular nominative))
(pronoun)
Nominative, neuter, singular of idam
idam - this, this here
Neuter nominative singular form of 'idam'
भवेत् (bhavet) - it would be, it would become
(verb)
3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of bhū
optative mood
Third person singular optative form of 'bhū'
Root: bhū (class 1)