महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-149, verse-1

भीम उवाच ।
पूर्वरूपमदृष्ट्वा ते न यास्यामि कथंचन ।
यदि तेऽहमनुग्राह्यो दर्शयात्मानमात्मना ॥१॥

1. bhīma uvāca ,
pūrvarūpamadṛṣṭvā te na yāsyāmi kathaṁcana ,
yadi te'hamanugrāhyo darśayātmānamātmanā.

1. bhīma uvāca | pūrvarūpam adṛṣṭvā te na yāsyāmi kathaṃcana
| yadi te aham anugrāhyaḥ darśaya ātmānam ātmanā

1. Bhīma said: "Without seeing your previous form, I will not go by any means. If I am to be favored by you, then show me your true self (ātman) through your own self (ātman)."

Words meanings summery:

• भीम (bhīma) - Bhīma (proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• पूर्वरूपम् (pūrvarūpam) - former form, previous appearance

• अदृष्ट्वा (adṛṣṭvā) - without having seen, not having seen

• ते (te) - by you (implied dative of interest/possession) (by you (dative), to you (dative), your (genitive))

• न (na) - not, no

• यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I will go, I shall go

• कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means, somehow, in any way

• यदि (yadi) - if

• ते (te) - by you (dative of agent with passive construction, "by whom I am to be favored") (by you (dative), to you (dative), your (genitive))

• अहम् (aham) - I

• अनुग्राह्यः (anugrāhyaḥ) - to be favored, to be pleased, to be shown kindness

• दर्शय (darśaya) - show, exhibit

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - your true self (ātman) (oneself, the self, the soul (ātman))

• आत्मना (ātmanā) - through your own self (ātman) (by oneself, by the self (ātman))

Words meanings and morphology

भीम (bhīma) - Bhīma (proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhīma

bhīma - Bhīma (one of the Pāṇḍavas)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Root 'vac', Perfect 3rd person singular

Root: vac (class 2)

पूर्वरूपम् (pūrvarūpam) - former form, previous appearance

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of pūrvarūpa

pūrvarūpa - previous form, original shape

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pūrva+rūpa)

• pūrva – previous, former, prior
  adjective
• rūpa – form, shape, appearance
  noun (neuter)

अदृष्ट्वा (adṛṣṭvā) - without having seen, not having seen

(indeclinable)

Absolutive/Gerund

Root 'dṛś' with prefix 'a-' (negation) and suffix '-tvā'

Prefix: a

Root: dṛś (class 1)

ते (te) - by you (implied dative of interest/possession) (by you (dative), to you (dative), your (genitive))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

2nd person pronoun, dative/genitive singular

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

यास्यामि (yāsyāmi) - I will go, I shall go

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of yā

Future Active

Root 'yā', Future 1st person singular

Root: yā (class 2)

कथंचन (kathaṁcana) - by any means, somehow, in any way

(indeclinable)

यदि (yadi) - if

(indeclinable)

ते (te) - by you (dative of agent with passive construction, "by whom I am to be favored") (by you (dative), to you (dative), your (genitive))

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of tvad

tvad - you

2nd person pronoun, dative/genitive singular

Note: Here used as the agent in a passive construction, "if by you...".

अहम् (aham) - I

(pronoun)

Nominative, singular of asmad

asmad - I

1st person pronoun, nominative singular

अनुग्राह्यः (anugrāhyaḥ) - to be favored, to be pleased, to be shown kindness

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of anugrāhya

anugrāhya - to be favored, to be shown grace, to be pleased

Gerundive/Future Passive Participle

Root 'grah' with upasarga 'anu-', suffix '-ya'

Prefix: anu

Root: grah (class 9)

Note: Qualifies 'aham'.

दर्शय (darśaya) - show, exhibit

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of dṛś

Causative Imperative Active

Causative stem of root 'dṛś', 2nd person singular imperative

Root: dṛś (class 1)

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - your true self (ātman) (oneself, the self, the soul (ātman))

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual essence (ātman)

आत्मना (ātmanā) - through your own self (ātman) (by oneself, by the self (ātman))

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, individual essence (ātman)