महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-149, verse-49

निग्रहे प्रग्रहे सम्यग्यदा राजा प्रवर्तते ।
तदा भवति लोकस्य मर्यादा सुव्यवस्थिता ॥४९॥

49. nigrahe pragrahe samyagyadā rājā pravartate ,
tadā bhavati lokasya maryādā suvyavasthitā.

49. nigrahe pragrahe samyak yadā rājā pravartate
tadā bhavati lokasya maryādā suvyavasthitā

49. When a ruler properly exercises both restraint and promotion, then the natural law (maryādā) governing society becomes well-established.

Words meanings summery:

• निग्रहे (nigrahe) - in restraint, in control

• प्रग्रहे (pragrahe) - in patronage, in promotion, in holding

• सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, rightly, completely

• यदा (yadā) - when

• राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

• प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - acts, proceeds, engages, functions

• तदा (tadā) - then

• भवति (bhavati) - becomes, happens, is

• लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the people, of the world

• मर्यादा (maryādā) - constitution, natural law, established order, limit

• सुव्यवस्थिता (suvyavasthitā) - well-established, well-ordered

Words meanings and morphology

निग्रहे (nigrahe) - in restraint, in control

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of nigraha

nigraha - restraint, control, suppression, punishment

Prefix: ni

Root: grah (class 9)

प्रग्रहे (pragrahe) - in patronage, in promotion, in holding

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of pragraha

pragraha - holding forth, patronage, promotion, checking, subduing

Prefix: pra

Root: grah (class 9)

सम्यक् (samyak) - properly, rightly, completely

(indeclinable)

यदा (yadā) - when

(indeclinable)

राजा (rājā) - king, ruler

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

प्रवर्तते (pravartate) - acts, proceeds, engages, functions

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of pra-vṛt

Prefix: pra

Root: vṛt (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then

(indeclinable)

भवति (bhavati) - becomes, happens, is

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of bhū

Root: bhū (class 1)

लोकस्य (lokasya) - of the people, of the world

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of loka

loka - world, people, realm, community

मर्यादा (maryādā) - constitution, natural law, established order, limit

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of maryādā

maryādā - limit, boundary, established custom, rule, natural law, constitution

सुव्यवस्थिता (suvyavasthitā) - well-established, well-ordered

(adjective)

Nominative, feminine, singular of suvyavasthita

suvyavasthita - well-arranged, well-regulated, well-established

Past Passive Participle

From 'su' (good, well) + 'vi' + 'ava' + root 'sthā' (to stand, establish).

Prefixes: su+vi+ava

Root: sthā (class 1)