महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-145, verse-42

तत्र देवान्पितॄंश्चैव तर्पयन्तः पुनः पुनः ।
ब्राह्मणैः सहिता वीरा न्यवसन्पुरुषर्षभाः ॥४२॥

42. tatra devānpitṝṁścaiva tarpayantaḥ punaḥ punaḥ ,
brāhmaṇaiḥ sahitā vīrā nyavasanpuruṣarṣabhāḥ.

42. tatra devān pitṝn ca eva tarpayantaḥ punaḥ punaḥ
brāhmaṇaiḥ sahitāḥ vīrāḥ nyavasan puruṣarṣabhāḥ

42. There, those heroes, the foremost among men (puruṣarṣabhā), accompanied by Brahmins, dwelt while repeatedly propitiating the gods and ancestors (pitṛ).

Words meanings summery:

• तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

• देवान् (devān) - gods, deities

• पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, fathers

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

• तर्पयन्तः (tarpayantaḥ) - propitiating, satisfying, gratifying

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

• पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

• ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by/with Brahmins

• सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, together with

• वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

• न्यवसन् (nyavasan) - they dwelt, resided

• पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - foremost among men, best of men

Words meanings and morphology

तत्र (tatra) - there, in that place

(indeclinable)

Derived from the pronominal stem 'tad'.

देवान् (devān) - gods, deities

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Object of 'tarpayantaḥ'.

पितॄन् (pitṝn) - ancestors, fathers

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of pitṛ

pitṛ - father, ancestor, progenitor; specifically referring to the class of deceased ancestors (pitṛ)

Note: Object of 'tarpayantaḥ'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - only, indeed, just

(indeclinable)

तर्पयन्तः (tarpayantaḥ) - propitiating, satisfying, gratifying

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tarpayat

tarpayat - propitiating, satisfying, gratifying

Present Active Participle

From the causal stem of the root tṛp (to satisfy, delight) with the śatṛ suffix.

Root: tṛp (class 10)

Note: Agrees with 'vīrāḥ' and 'puruṣarṣabhāḥ'.

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

(indeclinable)

पुनः (punaḥ) - again, anew

(indeclinable)

ब्राह्मणैः (brāhmaṇaiḥ) - by/with Brahmins

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, one belonging to the priestly class; related to Brahman

Derived from brahman.

Note: Expresses accompaniment, 'with Brahmins'.

सहिताः (sahitāḥ) - accompanied, together with

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sahita

sahita - accompanied, joined, connected, together with

Past Passive Participle

From sa- (with) + root dhā (to place) -> hita, combined.

Prefix: sa

Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Agrees with 'vīrāḥ' and 'puruṣarṣabhāḥ'.

वीराः (vīrāḥ) - heroes, brave ones

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of vīra

vīra - hero, warrior, brave man

Note: Refers to the Pandavas.

न्यवसन् (nyavasan) - they dwelt, resided

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of √vas

Imperfect Tense

3rd person plural imperfect active of the root vas with prefix ni-.

Prefix: ni

Root: vas (class 1)

पुरुषर्षभाः (puruṣarṣabhāḥ) - foremost among men, best of men

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of puruṣarṣabha

puruṣarṣabha - bull among men, best of men, foremost man (puruṣarṣabhā)

A compound meaning 'a bull among men,' used as an epithet for a pre-eminent man.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (puruṣa+ṛṣabha)

• puruṣa – man, human being, person (puruṣa)
  noun (masculine)
  Root: pṛ (class 1)
• ṛṣabha – bull, chief, excellent, best
  noun (masculine)

Note: Epithet for the Pandavas.