महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-145, verse-40

भागीरथीं सुतीर्थां च शीतामलजलां शिवाम् ।
मणिप्रवालप्रस्तारां पादपैरुपशोभिताम् ॥४०॥

40. bhāgīrathīṁ sutīrthāṁ ca śītāmalajalāṁ śivām ,
maṇipravālaprastārāṁ pādapairupaśobhitām.

40. bhāgīrathīm sutīrthām ca śītāmalajalām śivām
maṇipravālaprastārām pādapaiḥ upaśobhitām

40. They also beheld the river Bhagirathi (Ganga), which possessed excellent bathing spots (tīrtha), cool and pure water, was auspicious, had riverbeds adorned with gems and corals, and was beautified by trees.

Words meanings summery:

• भागीरथीम् (bhāgīrathīm) - The specific river Ganga. (the Bhagirathi (river Ganga))

• सुतीर्थाम् (sutīrthām) - Describing the river Bhagirathi. (having good bathing places)

• च (ca) - and

• शीतामलजलाम् (śītāmalajalām) - Describing the river Bhagirathi. (having cool and pure water)

• शिवाम् (śivām) - Describing the river Bhagirathi. (auspicious, benevolent, prosperous)

• मणिप्रवालप्रस्ताराम् (maṇipravālaprastārām) - Describing the river Bhagirathi. (having beds of gems and corals)

• पादपैः (pādapaiḥ) - The river was adorned by trees. (by trees, with trees)

• उपशोभिताम् (upaśobhitām) - The river Bhagirathi was adorned. (adorned, beautified)

Words meanings and morphology

भागीरथीम् (bhāgīrathīm) - The specific river Ganga. (the Bhagirathi (river Ganga))

(proper noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of bhāgīrathī

bhāgīrathī - the river Ganga, Bhagirathi

Note: Object of an implied verb of seeing (from ālokayantaḥ in previous verse).

सुतीर्थाम् (sutīrthām) - Describing the river Bhagirathi. (having good bathing places)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of sutīrtha

sutīrtha - having good bathing places (tīrtha), sacred for bathing

Compound with 'su-' (good) and 'tīrtha'.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (su+tīrtha)

• su – good, well, excellent
  indeclinable
• tīrtha – ford, bathing place, sacred place, shrine
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with bhāgīrathīm.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects sutīrthām to the subsequent adjectives.

शीतामलजलाम् (śītāmalajalām) - Describing the river Bhagirathi. (having cool and pure water)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śītāmalajala

śītāmalajala - having cool and pure water

Compound of śīta (cool), amala (pure), and jala (water).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (śīta+amala+jala)

• śīta – cool, cold
  adjective (neuter)
• amala – pure, spotless, clean
  adjective (neuter)
• jala – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with bhāgīrathīm.

शिवाम् (śivām) - Describing the river Bhagirathi. (auspicious, benevolent, prosperous)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent, prosperous

Note: Agrees with bhāgīrathīm.

मणिप्रवालप्रस्ताराम् (maṇipravālaprastārām) - Describing the river Bhagirathi. (having beds of gems and corals)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of maṇipravālaprastāra

maṇipravālaprastāra - having beds of gems and corals

Compound of maṇi (gem), pravāla (coral), and prastāra (bed, spread).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (maṇi+pravāla+prastāra)

• maṇi – gem, jewel
  noun (masculine)
• pravāla – coral, sprout, new shoot
  noun (masculine)
• prastāra – bed, layer, spread, carpet
  noun (masculine)
  From root stṛ (to spread) with prefix pra-.
  Prefix: pra
  Root: stṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with bhāgīrathīm.

पादपैः (pādapaiḥ) - The river was adorned by trees. (by trees, with trees)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of pādapa

pādapa - tree (literally "foot-drinker")

Compound of pāda (foot) and pa (drinker).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (pāda+pa)

• pāda – foot, root (of a tree)
  noun (masculine)
• pa – drinker, protector
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to drink).
  Root: pā (class 1)

Note: Agent in passive construction (upaśobhitām).

उपशोभिताम् (upaśobhitām) - The river Bhagirathi was adorned. (adorned, beautified)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of upaśobhita

upaśobhita - adorned, beautified, splendid

Past Passive Participle

From root śubh (to shine, be beautiful) with prefix upa-.

Prefix: upa

Root: śubh (class 1)

Note: Accusative singular, agreeing with bhāgīrathīm.