महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-145, verse-39

आलोकयन्तो मैनाकं नानाद्विजगणायुतम् ।
हिरण्यशिखरं चैव तच्च बिन्दुसरः शिवम् ॥३९॥

39. ālokayanto mainākaṁ nānādvijagaṇāyutam ,
hiraṇyaśikharaṁ caiva tacca bindusaraḥ śivam.

39. ālokayantaḥ mainākam nānādvijagaṇāyutam
hiraṇyaśikharam ca eva tat ca bindusaraḥ śivam

39. Beholding Mainaka mountain, which was accompanied by diverse flocks of birds and had golden peaks, they also saw that auspicious Bindusaras lake.

Words meanings summery:

• आलोकयन्तः (ālokayantaḥ) - The great souls (mahātmānaḥ from previous verse) were beholding. (beholding, observing, seeing)

• मैनाकम् (mainākam) - A specific mountain, son of Himalaya and Mena. (Mainaka mountain)

• नानाद्विजगणायुतम् (nānādvijagaṇāyutam) - Describing Mainaka mountain. (accompanied by various flocks of birds)

• हिरण्यशिखरम् (hiraṇyaśikharam) - Describing Mainaka mountain. (having golden peaks)

• च (ca) - and

• एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding ca. (indeed, even, certainly)

• तत् (tat) - Referring to the Bindusaras lake. (that)

• च (ca) - Connects Mainaka mountain to Bindusaras lake. (and)

• बिन्दुसरः (bindusaraḥ) - A sacred lake. (Bindusaras lake)

• शिवम् (śivam) - Describing Bindusaras lake. (auspicious, benevolent, prosperous)

Words meanings and morphology

आलोकयन्तः (ālokayantaḥ) - The great souls (mahātmānaḥ from previous verse) were beholding. (beholding, observing, seeing)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ālokayat

ālokayat - beholding, seeing, observing

Present Active Participle

From root lok (to see) with prefix ā-, in causative form (lokayati), present active participle.

Prefix: ā

Root: lok (class 10)

Note: Acts as an adjective describing the subject mahātmānaḥ (implied from previous verse).

मैनाकम् (mainākam) - A specific mountain, son of Himalaya and Mena. (Mainaka mountain)

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of maināka

maināka - Mainaka (a mountain)

नानाद्विजगणायुतम् (nānādvijagaṇāyutam) - Describing Mainaka mountain. (accompanied by various flocks of birds)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nānādvijagaṇāyuta

nānādvijagaṇāyuta - accompanied by various flocks of birds

Past Passive Participle (implied usage for 'āyuta')

Compound ending with 'āyuta' (joined, connected, furnished), which is a past passive participle of root yu (to join) with prefix ā-.

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (nānā+dvija+gaṇa+āyuta)

• nānā – various, diverse, manifold
  indeclinable
• dvija – twice-born (Brahmin, Kshatriya, Vaishya), bird, tooth
  noun (masculine)
• gaṇa – group, host, multitude
  noun (masculine)
• āyuta – joined, connected, furnished with, accompanied by
  adjective (masculine)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root yu (to join) with prefix ā-.
  Prefix: ā
  Root: yu (class 2)

Note: Accusative singular, agreeing with mainākam.

हिरण्यशिखरम् (hiraṇyaśikharam) - Describing Mainaka mountain. (having golden peaks)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of hiraṇyaśikhara

hiraṇyaśikhara - golden-peaked, having golden summits

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (hiraṇya+śikhara)

• hiraṇya – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• śikhara – peak, summit, crest
  noun (neuter)

Note: Accusative singular, agreeing with mainākam.

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - Emphasizes the preceding ca. (indeed, even, certainly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Used for emphasis.

तत् (tat) - Referring to the Bindusaras lake. (that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Subject (implied verb of seeing/existence).

च (ca) - Connects Mainaka mountain to Bindusaras lake. (and)

(indeclinable)

बिन्दुसरः (bindusaraḥ) - A sacred lake. (Bindusaras lake)

(proper noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of bindusaras

bindusaras - Bindusaras (a sacred lake)

Note: Appears as if in apposition to 'tat', or it is the noun phrase itself.

शिवम् (śivam) - Describing Bindusaras lake. (auspicious, benevolent, prosperous)

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of śiva

śiva - auspicious, propitious, benevolent, prosperous

Note: Accusative singular, agreeing with bindusaraḥ.