महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-126, verse-9

तामेव रात्रिं राजेन्द्र महात्मा भृगुनन्दनः ।
इष्टिं चकार सौद्युम्नेर्महर्षिः पुत्रकारणात् ॥९॥

9. tāmeva rātriṁ rājendra mahātmā bhṛgunandanaḥ ,
iṣṭiṁ cakāra saudyumnermaharṣiḥ putrakāraṇāt.

9. tām eva rātrim rājendra mahātmā bhṛgunandanaḥ
iṣṭim cakāra saudyumneḥ maharṣiḥ putrakāraṇāt

9. That very night, O King (rājendra), the great-souled (mahātman) descendant of Bhrigu, the great sage (mahāṛṣi), performed a sacrifice (iṣṭi) for Saudyumni, for the sake of a son.

Words meanings summery:

• ताम् (tām) - that

• एव (eva) - very, indeed, only

• रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

• राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King Janamejaya (the listener of the Mahābhārata narrative) (O king of kings, O best of kings)

• महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled, noble-minded

• भृगुनन्दनः (bhṛgunandanaḥ) - Sage Chyavana (son of Bhrigu) (descendant of Bhrigu, son of Bhrigu)

• इष्टिम् (iṣṭim) - sacrifice

• चकार (cakāra) - performed, made

• सौद्युम्नेः (saudyumneḥ) - for Saudyumni

• महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - great sage

• पुत्रकारणात् (putrakāraṇāt) - for the sake of a son

Words meanings and morphology

ताम् (tām) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, she, it

Note: Feminine accusative singular, qualifying `rātrim`.

एव (eva) - very, indeed, only

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes 'that very night'.

रात्रिम् (rātrim) - night

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of rātri

rātri - night

Note: Acts as an adverbial accusative for 'during that night'.

राजेन्द्र (rājendra) - O King Janamejaya (the listener of the Mahābhārata narrative) (O king of kings, O best of kings)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājendra

rājendra - chief of kings, excellent king

tatpuruṣa compound: rājan (king) + indra (chief)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (rājan+indra)

• rājan – king
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, Indra
  noun (masculine)

Note: Addressing the listener.

महात्मा (mahātmā) - great-souled, noble-minded

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mahātman

mahātman - great-souled, noble-minded, great self (ātman)

bahuvrīhi compound

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (mahat+ātman)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

भृगुनन्दनः (bhṛgunandanaḥ) - Sage Chyavana (son of Bhrigu) (descendant of Bhrigu, son of Bhrigu)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bhṛgunandana

bhṛgunandana - descendant of Bhrigu, son of Bhrigu

tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (bhṛgu+nandana)

• bhṛgu – Bhrigu (name of a sage)
  proper noun (masculine)
• nandana – son, delight
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Chyavana, son of Bhrigu.

इष्टिम् (iṣṭim) - sacrifice

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of iṣṭi

iṣṭi - sacrifice, offering, desire

चकार (cakāra) - performed, made

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (liṭ) of kṛ

perfect active

root kṛ (8U) perfect active 3rd singular

Root: kṛ (class 8)

सौद्युम्नेः (saudyumneḥ) - for Saudyumni

(proper noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of saudyumni

saudyumni - descendant of Sudyumna (a patronymic, often referring to Purūravas)

aptya formation from Sudyumna

महर्षिः (maharṣiḥ) - great sage

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maharṣi

maharṣi - great sage

karmadhāraya compound of mahat (great) and ṛṣi (sage)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahat+ṛṣi)

• mahat – great, large
  adjective (neuter)
• ṛṣi – sage, seer
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to Bhṛgunandana (Chyavana).

पुत्रकारणात् (putrakāraṇāt) - for the sake of a son

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of putrakāraṇa

putrakāraṇa - reason for a son, for the sake of a son

tatpuruṣa compound

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (putra+kāraṇa)

• putra – son
  noun (masculine)
• kāraṇa – cause, reason, sake
  noun (neuter)

Note: Ablative case used to express 'for the sake of'.