महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-126, verse-16

ततस्ते प्रत्यबुध्यन्त ऋषयः सनराधिपाः ।
निस्तोयं तं च कलशं ददृशुः सर्व एव ते ॥१६॥

16. tataste pratyabudhyanta ṛṣayaḥ sanarādhipāḥ ,
nistoyaṁ taṁ ca kalaśaṁ dadṛśuḥ sarva eva te.

16. tataḥ te pratyabudhyanta ṛṣayaḥ sanarādhipāḥ
nistoyam tam ca kalaśam dadṛśuḥ sarve eva te

16. Then, the sages, accompanied by the kings, awoke. And they all saw that pitcher, now devoid of water.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

• ते (te) - they (they, those)

• प्रत्यबुध्यन्त (pratyabudhyanta) - they awoke (they awoke, they became aware, they perceived)

• ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers, inspired poets)

• सनराधिपाः (sanarādhipāḥ) - accompanied by the kings (with the kings, accompanied by kings)

• निस्तोयम् (nistoyam) - devoid of water (waterless, devoid of water, empty of water)

• तम् (tam) - that

• च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

• कलशम् (kalaśam) - pitcher (pitcher, pot, water-jar)

• ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw (they saw, they perceived)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, exactly)

• ते (te) - they (they, those)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thereafter, from that)

(indeclinable)

Ablative suffix -tas added to pronoun base ta-

ते (te) - they (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to ṛṣayaḥ and narādhipāḥ

प्रत्यबुध्यन्त (pratyabudhyanta) - they awoke (they awoke, they became aware, they perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past imperfect (laṅ) of prati-budh

Imperfect middle 3rd plural

Prefix: prati

Root: budh (class 4)

ऋषयः (ṛṣayaḥ) - sages (sages, seers, inspired poets)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣi

ṛṣi - sage, seer, inspired poet, Vedic singer

Note: Subject of pratyabudhyanta

सनराधिपाः (sanarādhipāḥ) - accompanied by the kings (with the kings, accompanied by kings)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sanarādhipa

sanarādhipa - with kings, accompanied by kings

Bahuvrīhi compound: sa (with) + narādhipa (lord of men/king)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (sa+narādhipa)

• sa – with, accompanied by
  indeclinable
• narādhipa – lord of men, king
  noun (masculine)
  Tatpuruṣa compound: nara (man) + adhipa (lord)

Note: Qualifies ṛṣayaḥ

निस्तोयम् (nistoyam) - devoid of water (waterless, devoid of water, empty of water)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of nistoya

nistoya - waterless, devoid of water

Compound: nis (without) + toya (water)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+toya)

• nis – out, away, without
  indeclinable
• toya – water
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with kalaśam

तम् (tam) - that

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to kalaśam

च (ca) - and (and, also, moreover)

(indeclinable)

कलशम् (kalaśam) - pitcher (pitcher, pot, water-jar)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kalaśa

kalaśa - pitcher, pot, water-jar, a particular measure

ददृशुः (dadṛśuḥ) - they saw (they saw, they perceived)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past perfect (liṭ) of dṛś

Perfect 3rd plural active

Root: dṛś (class 1)

सर्वे (sarve) - all (all, every)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Emphasizes that 'all of them' saw. Despite Devanagari 'sarva', context requires plural masculine 'sarve'.

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, exactly)

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphatic particle

ते (te) - they (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to ṛṣayaḥ and narādhipāḥ