महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-3, chapter-126, verse-29

प्रदेशिनीं शक्रदत्तामास्वाद्य स शिशुस्तदा ।
अवर्धत महीपाल किष्कूणां च त्रयोदश ॥२९॥

29. pradeśinīṁ śakradattāmāsvādya sa śiśustadā ,
avardhata mahīpāla kiṣkūṇāṁ ca trayodaśa.

29. pradeśinīm śakra-dattām āsvādya saḥ śiśuḥ
tadā avardhata mahīpāla kiṣkūṇām ca trayodaśa

29. Having tasted that index finger bestowed by Indra, that infant then grew, O king, to the height of thirteen kiṣkus.

Words meanings summery:

• प्रदेशिनीम् (pradeśinīm) - index finger

• शक्र-दत्ताम् (śakra-dattām) - given by Indra, Indra-given

• आस्वाद्य (āsvādya) - having tasted, having sucked

• सः (saḥ) - Referring to the infant. (he)

• शिशुः (śiśuḥ) - infant, child, young one

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• अवर्धत (avardhata) - he grew, he prospered

• महीपाल (mahīpāla) - Addressing the listener (the king) of the story. (O king, protector of the earth)

• किष्कूणाम् (kiṣkūṇām) - of kiṣkus (a measure of length)

• च (ca) - and, also

• त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

Words meanings and morphology

प्रदेशिनीम् (pradeśinīm) - index finger

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of pradeśinī

pradeśinī - index finger, forefinger

Feminine noun from pradeśa (direction, showing).

Note: Object of āsvādya.

शक्र-दत्ताम् (śakra-dattām) - given by Indra, Indra-given

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of śakradattā

śakradattā - given by Indra

Tatpurusha compound formed from Śakra (Indra) and datta (given).

Compound type : tatpurusha (śakra+dattā)

• śakra – Indra, the powerful one
  proper noun (masculine)
  Root: śak
• datta – given, granted
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root dā (to give).
  Root: dā

आस्वाद्य (āsvādya) - having tasted, having sucked

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root svād (to taste) with upasarga ā. Suffix -ya.

Prefix: ā

Root: svād

Note: Expresses an action completed before the main verb.

सः (saḥ) - Referring to the infant. (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Masculine nominative singular of 'tad'.

शिशुः (śiśuḥ) - infant, child, young one

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śiśu

śiśu - infant, child, young animal

U-stem noun.

Note: Subject of avardhata.

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverbial from 'tad'.

अवर्धत (avardhata) - he grew, he prospered

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, Past Imperfect (Laṅ) of vṛdh

Imperfect Middle

Root vṛdh, 1st conjugation, ātmanepada, imperfect tense, 3rd person singular.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

महीपाल (mahīpāla) - Addressing the listener (the king) of the story. (O king, protector of the earth)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of mahīpāla

mahīpāla - protector of the earth, king

Tatpurusha compound of mahī (earth) and pāla (protector).

Compound type : tatpurusha (mahī+pāla)

• mahī – earth, ground
  noun (feminine)
• pāla – protector, guardian
  noun (masculine)
  From root pā (to protect).
  Root: pā

किष्कूणाम् (kiṣkūṇām) - of kiṣkus (a measure of length)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of kiṣku

kiṣku - a cubit, a measure of length (forearm with clenched fist), usually 24 angulas.

U-stem noun.

Note: Indicates 'of the measure of thirteen kiṣkus'.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

त्रयोदश (trayodaśa) - thirteen

(numeral)

Note: Modifies 'kiṣkūṇām' in sense of 'thirteen (in number)'.