महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-17, chapter-1, verse-40

ततस्ते भ्रातरः सर्वे धनंजयमचोदयन् ।
स जले प्राक्षिपत्तत्तु तथाक्षय्यौ महेषुधी ॥४०॥

40. tataste bhrātaraḥ sarve dhanaṁjayamacodayan ,
sa jale prākṣipattattu tathākṣayyau maheṣudhī.

40. tataḥ te bhrātaraḥ sarve dhanaṃjayam acodayan sa
jale prākṣipat tat tu tathā akṣayyau mahā-iṣudhī

40. tataḥ te sarve bhrātaraḥ dhanaṃjayam acodayan saḥ
jale tat tu tathā akṣayyau mahā-iṣudhī prākṣipat

40. Then all those brothers urged Arjuna. So, he threw that (bow) into the water, and similarly, the two inexhaustible great quivers.

Words meanings summery:

• ततः (tataḥ) - then, following the previous statement (then, thence, afterwards)

• ते (te) - those (brothers) (those, they)

• भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - the brothers (of Arjuna) (brothers)

• सर्वे (sarve) - all (the brothers) (all, every)

• धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍava brothers (Arjuna (conqueror of wealth))

• अचोदयन् (acodayan) - urged (Arjuna to return the bow) (urged, incited, impelled)

• स (sa) - he (Arjuna) (he)

• जले (jale) - into the water (of the ocean) (in the water, into the water)

• प्राक्षिपत् (prākṣipat) - threw (the bow and quivers) (threw, cast down)

• तत् (tat) - that (Gāṇḍīva bow) (that)

• तु (tu) - and, further (but, indeed, moreover)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, also (he threw these) (thus, so, similarly)

• अक्षय्यौ (akṣayyau) - the two inexhaustible (quivers) (inexhaustible, imperishable)

• महा-इषुधी (mahā-iṣudhī) - the two great quivers (great quivers)

Words meanings and morphology

ततः (tataḥ) - then, following the previous statement (then, thence, afterwards)

(indeclinable)

Root: tad

ते (te) - those (brothers) (those, they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, those

Note: Agrees with bhrātaraḥ.

भ्रातरः (bhrātaraḥ) - the brothers (of Arjuna) (brothers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of bhrātṛ

bhrātṛ - brother

Note: Subject of acodayan.

सर्वे (sarve) - all (the brothers) (all, every)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of sarva

sarva - all, whole, every

Note: Agrees with bhrātaraḥ.

धनंजयम् (dhanaṁjayam) - Arjuna, one of the Pāṇḍava brothers (Arjuna (conqueror of wealth))

(proper noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of dhanaṃjaya

dhanaṁjaya - conqueror of wealth; Arjuna; fire

Compound formed from dhana (wealth) and jaya (victory).

Compound type : upapada-tatpuruṣa (dhana+jaya)

• dhana – wealth, riches, property
  noun (neuter)
  Root: dhā (class 3)
• jaya – victory, conquest
  noun (masculine)
  From root ji (to conquer).
  Root: ji (class 1)

Note: Object of acodayan.

अचोदयन् (acodayan) - urged (Arjuna to return the bow) (urged, incited, impelled)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of cud

Imperfect, 3rd person plural, active voice (causative stem)

Root cud, 10th class causative.

Root: cud (class 10)

स (sa) - he (Arjuna) (he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he

Masculine singular nominative form of tad.

Note: Subject of prākṣipat.

जले (jale) - into the water (of the ocean) (in the water, into the water)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of jala

jala - water

Root: jal (class 1)

प्राक्षिपत् (prākṣipat) - threw (the bow and quivers) (threw, cast down)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of kṣip

Imperfect, 3rd person singular, active voice

Root kṣip (class 6) with prefix pra.

Prefix: pra

Root: kṣip (class 6)

तत् (tat) - that (Gāṇḍīva bow) (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, that one

Neuter singular nominative/accusative form of tad.

Note: Object of prākṣipat.

तु (tu) - and, further (but, indeed, moreover)

(indeclinable)

Conjunction/particle.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, also (he threw these) (thus, so, similarly)

(indeclinable)

Adverb.

अक्षय्यौ (akṣayyau) - the two inexhaustible (quivers) (inexhaustible, imperishable)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, dual of akṣayya

akṣayya - inexhaustible, imperishable, unfading

Gerundive (passive future participle) negation

From a (negation) + kṣi (to waste, perish) + ya (gerundive suffix).

Prefix: a

Root: kṣi (class 1)

Note: Agrees with mahā-iṣudhī.

महा-इषुधी (mahā-iṣudhī) - the two great quivers (great quivers)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, dual of mahā-iṣudhi

mahā-iṣudhi - great quiver

Compound.

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+iṣudhi)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
  A stem form of mahat.
• iṣudhi – quiver
  noun (masculine)
  From iṣu (arrow) + dhā (to place).
  Root: dhā (class 3)

Note: Objects of prākṣipat, alongside tat.