महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-94, verse-9

तस्मिन्कालेऽथ सोऽल्पायुर्दिष्टान्तमगमत्प्रभो ।
ते तं क्षुधाभिसंतप्ताः परिवार्योपतस्थिरे ॥९॥

9. tasminkāle'tha so'lpāyurdiṣṭāntamagamatprabho ,
te taṁ kṣudhābhisaṁtaptāḥ parivāryopatasthire.

9. tasmin kāle atha saḥ alpāyuḥ diṣṭāntam agamat prabho
te tam kṣudhā abhisaṃtaptāḥ parivārya upatasthire

9. prabho tasmin kāle atha saḥ alpāyuḥ diṣṭāntam agamat
te tam kṣudhā abhisaṃtaptāḥ parivārya upatasthire

9. O Lord, at that very time, being short-lived, he then passed away. Those priests, afflicted by severe hunger, surrounded him and stood waiting.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

• काले (kāle) - at that very time (in time, at the time)

• अथ (atha) - then, moreover, thus

• सः (saḥ) - he (the son) (he, that)

• अल्पायुः (alpāyuḥ) - short-lived, having a short life span

• दिष्टान्तम् (diṣṭāntam) - his destined end, death (the end of destiny, death)

• अगमत् (agamat) - reached (his end), met (death) (went, reached)

• प्रभो (prabho) - (addressed to the narrator or listener) (O Lord, O Master)

• ते (te) - those (priests) (they)

• तम् (tam) - him (the deceased son) (him, that (masculine))

• क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger, with hunger

• अभिसंतप्ताः (abhisaṁtaptāḥ) - afflicted by severe hunger (greatly distressed, tormented, afflicted)

• परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded him (having surrounded, encompassing)

• उपतस्थिरे (upatasthire) - they stood nearby, waited (they approached, stood by, waited upon)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मिन् (tasmin) - in that

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'kāle'.

काले (kāle) - at that very time (in time, at the time)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of kāla

kāla - time, period, season

अथ (atha) - then, moreover, thus

(indeclinable)

सः (saḥ) - he (the son) (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'agamat'.

अल्पायुः (alpāyuḥ) - short-lived, having a short life span

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of alpāyu

alpāyu - short-lived, having a short life span

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (alpa+āyus)

• alpa – small, little, short
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
• āyus – life, life span, duration of life
  noun (neuter)

Note: Agrees with 'saḥ' (the son).

दिष्टान्तम् (diṣṭāntam) - his destined end, death (the end of destiny, death)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of diṣṭānta

diṣṭānta - end of destiny, death, fate's conclusion

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (diṣṭa+anta)

• diṣṭa – destined, fated, fate
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'diś-' (to show, appoint).
  Root: diś (class 6)
• anta – end, limit, boundary
  noun (masculine)

Note: Object of 'agamat'.

अगमत् (agamat) - reached (his end), met (death) (went, reached)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of gam

Imperfect

'a-' augment, 't' ending. Third person singular imperfect active.

Root: gam (class 1)

प्रभो (prabho) - (addressed to the narrator or listener) (O Lord, O Master)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of prabhu

prabhu - lord, master, ruler

From 'pra-' (forth) + 'bhū-' (to be).

Prefix: pra

Root: bhū (class 1)

ते (te) - those (priests) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'upatasthire'.

तम् (tam) - him (the deceased son) (him, that (masculine))

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'parivārya'.

क्षुधा (kṣudhā) - by hunger, with hunger

(noun)

Instrumental, feminine, singular of kṣudh

kṣudh - hunger, appetite

अभिसंतप्ताः (abhisaṁtaptāḥ) - afflicted by severe hunger (greatly distressed, tormented, afflicted)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of abhisaṃtapta

abhisaṁtapta - greatly distressed, tormented, heated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'tap-' (to heat, torment) with 'abhi-sam-' prefixes.

Prefixes: abhi+sam

Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Describes the priests.

परिवार्य (parivārya) - having surrounded him (having surrounded, encompassing)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'vṛ-' with 'pari-' prefix. 'lyap' suffix for absolutives with prefixes.

Prefix: pari

Root: vṛ (class 5)

उपतस्थिरे (upatasthire) - they stood nearby, waited (they approached, stood by, waited upon)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past perfect (lit) of upasthā

Perfect

Reduplicated root, 'upa-' prefix. Third person plural perfect middle.

Prefix: upa

Root: sthā (class 1)