महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-94, verse-30

विश्वामित्र उवाच ।
कामं कामयमानस्य यदा कामः समृध्यते ।
अथैनमपरः कामस्तृष्णा विध्यति बाणवत् ॥३०॥

30. viśvāmitra uvāca ,
kāmaṁ kāmayamānasya yadā kāmaḥ samṛdhyate ,
athainamaparaḥ kāmastṛṣṇā vidhyati bāṇavat.

30. viśvāmitra uvāca kāmaṃ kāmayamānasya yadā kāmaḥ
samṛdhyate atha enam aparaḥ kāmaḥ tṛṣṇā vidhyati bāṇavat

30. viśvāmitra uvāca yadā kāmayamānasya kāmaṃ kāmaḥ
samṛdhyate atha aparaḥ kāmaḥ tṛṣṇā enam bāṇavat vidhyati

30. Vishvamitra said: When the desire (kāma) of one who is desiring is fulfilled, then another desire (kāma), a craving (tṛṣṇā), immediately pierces him like an arrow.

Words meanings summery:

• विश्वामित्र (viśvāmitra) - Vishvamitra (a sage's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• कामं (kāmaṁ) - desire (desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure)

• कामयमानस्य (kāmayamānasya) - of one who is desiring (of one who desires, of the desiring one)

• यदा (yadā) - when (when, whenever)

• कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma) (desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure)

• समृध्यते (samṛdhyate) - is fulfilled (prospers, succeeds, is fulfilled)

• अथ (atha) - then, immediately (then, therefore, moreover)

• एनम् (enam) - him (referring to the desiring person) (him, this one)

• अपरः (aparaḥ) - another (another, other, subsequent)

• कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma) (desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure)

• तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - craving (tṛṣṇā) (thirst, craving, desire, greed)

• विध्यति (vidhyati) - pierces (pierces, strikes, shoots)

• बाणवत् (bāṇavat) - like an arrow (like an arrow, as an arrow)

Words meanings and morphology

विश्वामित्र (viśvāmitra) - Vishvamitra (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of viśvāmitra

viśvāmitra - Vishvamitra (name of a powerful sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular active of root vac (to speak). Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

कामं (kāmaṁ) - desire (desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure (kāma)

कामयमानस्य (kāmayamānasya) - of one who is desiring (of one who desires, of the desiring one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of kāmayamāna

kāmayamāna - desiring, wishing, loving

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from the denominative root kāmay (from kāma) with the present participle suffix -māna.

Root: kām (class 10)

Note: Refers to a person (implied).

यदा (yadā) - when (when, whenever)

(indeclinable)

Temporal adverb from 'yad'.

कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma) (desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure (kāma)

समृध्यते (samṛdhyate) - is fulfilled (prospers, succeeds, is fulfilled)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of samṛdh

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present indicative Ātmanepada of root ṛdh with prefix sam.

Prefix: sam

Root: ṛdh (class 4)

अथ (atha) - then, immediately (then, therefore, moreover)

(indeclinable)

एनम् (enam) - him (referring to the desiring person) (him, this one)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ena

ena - this, that (a pronominal stem, often used in enclitic forms)

Note: Refers to 'kāmayamānasya' (the desiring person).

अपरः (aparaḥ) - another (another, other, subsequent)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of apara

apara - other, another, posterior, subsequent

Note: Agrees with 'kāmaḥ'

कामः (kāmaḥ) - desire (kāma) (desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāma

kāma - desire, wish, love, sensual pleasure (kāma)

Note: Subject of 'vidhyati'

तृष्णा (tṛṣṇā) - craving (tṛṣṇā) (thirst, craving, desire, greed)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of tṛṣṇā

tṛṣṇā - thirst, craving, desire, greed

Note: In apposition to 'aparaḥ kāmaḥ', specifying the nature of the desire.

विध्यति (vidhyati) - pierces (pierces, strikes, shoots)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (lat) of vyadh

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present indicative Parasmaipada of root vyadh.

Root: vyadh (class 4)

बाणवत् (bāṇavat) - like an arrow (like an arrow, as an arrow)

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from bāṇa (arrow) with the suffix -vat (like, as).