महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-94, verse-28

भरद्वाज उवाच ।
उत्पन्नस्य रुरोः शृङ्गं वर्धमानस्य वर्धते ।
प्रार्थना पुरुषस्येव तस्य मात्रा न विद्यते ॥२८॥

28. bharadvāja uvāca ,
utpannasya ruroḥ śṛṅgaṁ vardhamānasya vardhate ,
prārthanā puruṣasyeva tasya mātrā na vidyate.

28. bharadvāja uvāca utpannasya ruroḥ śṛṅgaṃ vardhamānasya
vardhate prārthanā puruṣasya iva tasya mātrā na vidyate

28. bharadvāja uvāca utpannasya vardhamānasya ruroḥ śṛṅgaṃ
vardhate puruṣasya prārthanā iva tasya mātrā na vidyate

28. Bharadvaja said: Just as the horn of a newly born deer grows as the deer itself grows, similarly, there is no limit to the desire (prārthanā) of a human being (puruṣa).

Words meanings summery:

• भरद्वाज (bharadvāja) - Bharadvaja (a sage's name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

• उत्पन्नस्य (utpannasya) - of the newly born (of the born, of the originated)

• रुरोः (ruroḥ) - of a deer (of a deer, of a ruru deer)

• शृङ्गं (śṛṅgaṁ) - horn (horn, peak, summit)

• वर्धमानस्य (vardhamānasya) - of the one (deer) that is growing (of the growing one, of the increasing one)

• वर्धते (vardhate) - grows (grows, increases, thrives)

• प्रार्थना (prārthanā) - desire (prārthanā) (desire, request, prayer)

• पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a human being (puruṣa) (of a man, of a human being, of a person)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

• तस्य (tasya) - its (referring to desire/prārthanā) (its, his, of that)

• मात्रा (mātrā) - limit, measure (measure, quantity, limit, amount)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists (is found, exists, is present)

Words meanings and morphology

भरद्वाज (bharadvāja) - Bharadvaja (a sage's name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of bharadvāja

bharadvāja - Bharadvaja (name of a Vedic sage)

उवाच (uvāca) - said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (lit) of vac

Perfect Active

Perfect 3rd person singular active of root vac (to speak). Irregular formation.

Root: vac (class 2)

उत्पन्नस्य (utpannasya) - of the newly born (of the born, of the originated)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of utpanna

utpanna - born, produced, arisen, happened

Past Passive Participle

Derived from ut + pad (to go, to fall) with suffix -ta (ppa).

Prefix: ut

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Agrees with 'ruroḥ'

रुरोः (ruroḥ) - of a deer (of a deer, of a ruru deer)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of ruru

ruru - a species of deer, a mythical deer

शृङ्गं (śṛṅgaṁ) - horn (horn, peak, summit)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śṛṅga

śṛṅga - horn, peak, summit, top

वर्धमानस्य (vardhamānasya) - of the one (deer) that is growing (of the growing one, of the increasing one)

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vardhamāna

vardhamāna - growing, increasing, thriving

Present Active Participle (Ātmanepada)

Derived from vṛdh (to grow) with the present participle suffix -māna.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with 'ruroḥ'

वर्धते (vardhate) - grows (grows, increases, thrives)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vṛdh

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present indicative Ātmanepada of root vṛdh.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

प्रार्थना (prārthanā) - desire (prārthanā) (desire, request, prayer)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of prārthanā

prārthanā - desire, request, prayer, entreaty

From pra + arth (to request) + ana (suffix).

Prefix: pra

Root: arth (class 10)

पुरुषस्य (puruṣasya) - of a human being (puruṣa) (of a man, of a human being, of a person)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of puruṣa

puruṣa - man, human being, person, cosmic person (puruṣa)

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as it were)

(indeclinable)

तस्य (tasya) - its (referring to desire/prārthanā) (its, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, feminine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Refers to 'prārthanā', hence feminine in agreement.

मात्रा (mātrā) - limit, measure (measure, quantity, limit, amount)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of mātrā

mātrā - measure, quantity, amount, limit, degree

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

विद्यते (vidyate) - is found, exists (is found, exists, is present)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (lat) of vid

Present Indicative

3rd person singular present indicative Ātmanepada of root vid (to be found, to exist).

Root: vid (class 4)