महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-94, verse-20

कुशलं सह दानेन राजन्नस्तु सदा तव ।
अर्थिभ्यो दीयतां सर्वमित्युक्त्वा ते ततो ययुः ॥२०॥

20. kuśalaṁ saha dānena rājannastu sadā tava ,
arthibhyo dīyatāṁ sarvamityuktvā te tato yayuḥ.

20. kuśalam saha dānena rājan astu sadā tava
arthibhyaḥ dīyatām sarvam iti uktvā te tataḥ yayuḥ

20. O King, may you always have well-being together with generosity (dāna). Let everything be given to the supplicants. Having said this, they then departed.

Words meanings summery:

• कुशलम् (kuśalam) - well-being (welfare, well-being, auspiciousness, skill)

• सह (saha) - together with (with, together with, along with)

• दानेन (dānena) - through generosity (dāna) (by giving, through generosity, by donation)

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• अस्तु (astu) - may it be (let it be, may it be)

• सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever)

• तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

• अर्थिभ्यः (arthibhyaḥ) - to the supplicants (to the supplicants, to those seeking, to the petitioners)

• दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given

• सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, everything, the whole)

• इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech))

• उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

• ते (te) - they (they, those)

• ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from there, therefore)

• ययुः (yayuḥ) - they departed (they went)

Words meanings and morphology

कुशलम् (kuśalam) - well-being (welfare, well-being, auspiciousness, skill)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of kuśala

kuśala - welfare, well-being, auspicious, skillful, clever

Note: Used as a noun here.

सह (saha) - together with (with, together with, along with)

(indeclinable)

दानेन (dānena) - through generosity (dāna) (by giving, through generosity, by donation)

(noun)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of dāna

dāna - giving, donation, generosity, gift

From root 'dā' (to give) + -ana suffix

Root: dā (class 3)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler

Note: The form 'rājan' is also the vocative singular.

अस्तु (astu) - may it be (let it be, may it be)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of as

Imperative Mood

3rd person singular imperative active of 'as'

Root: as (class 2)

सदा (sadā) - always (always, ever)

(indeclinable)

तव (tava) - your (your, of you)

(pronoun)

Genitive, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Null gender for pronouns like 'you'.

अर्थिभ्यः (arthibhyaḥ) - to the supplicants (to the supplicants, to those seeking, to the petitioners)

(noun)

Dative, masculine, plural of arthin

arthin - one who seeks, petitioner, supplicant, suitor

From 'artha' (purpose, wealth) + suffix '-in'

Note: Can also be ablative plural. Dative is more fitting here.

दीयताम् (dīyatām) - let it be given

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, imperative (loṭ) of dā

Imperative Mood, Passive Voice

3rd person singular imperative passive of 'dā'

Root: dā (class 3)

सर्वम् (sarvam) - everything (all, everything, the whole)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sarva

sarva - all, every, whole, entire

Note: Used as a noun here. Also possible accusative singular.

इति (iti) - thus (thus, so, in this manner (marks direct speech))

(indeclinable)

उक्त्वा (uktvā) - having said (having said, having spoken)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

Absolutive form from root 'vac' (past passive participle 'ukta')

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: An absolutive is an indeclinable verbal form.

ते (te) - they (they, those)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Masculine nominative plural of 'tad'.

ततः (tataḥ) - then (then, thence, from there, therefore)

(indeclinable)

ययुः (yayuḥ) - they departed (they went)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, perfect (liṭ) of yā

Perfect Tense

3rd person plural perfect active of 'yā'

Root: yā (class 2)