महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-94, verse-10

याज्यात्मजमथो दृष्ट्वा गतासुमृषिसत्तमाः ।
अपचन्त तदा स्थाल्यां क्षुधार्ताः किल भारत ॥१०॥

10. yājyātmajamatho dṛṣṭvā gatāsumṛṣisattamāḥ ,
apacanta tadā sthālyāṁ kṣudhārtāḥ kila bhārata.

10. yājya ātmajam atha u dṛṣṭvā gatāsum ṛṣisattamāḥ
apacanta tadā sthālyām kṣudhārtāḥ kila bhārata

10. bhārata atha u kṣudhārtāḥ ṛṣisattamāḥ gatāsum
yājya ātmajam dṛṣṭvā tadā sthālyām apacanta kila

10. O Bhārata, then, having seen the patron's son (ātmaja) to be lifeless, those foremost among the sages, afflicted by hunger, indeed cooked him in a pot at that time.

Words meanings summery:

• याज्य (yājya) - patron of a ritual, one for whom a ritual is performed

• आत्मजम् (ātmajam) - the son (of the patron) (son, child)

• अथ (atha) - then, moreover, thus

• उ (u) - and, also, moreover

• दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

• गतासुम् (gatāsum) - lifeless, deceased, one whose breath has departed

• ऋषिसत्तमाः (ṛṣisattamāḥ) - best among sages, foremost sages

• अपचन्त (apacanta) - they cooked

• तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

• स्थाल्याम् (sthālyām) - in a pot, in a cooking vessel

• क्षुधार्ताः (kṣudhārtāḥ) - afflicted by hunger, tormented by hunger

• किल (kila) - it is said, reputedly (indeed, certainly, it is said)

• भारत (bhārata) - (addressing the listener, often Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Arjuna) (O descendant of Bharata, O Arjuna)

Words meanings and morphology

याज्य (yājya) - patron of a ritual, one for whom a ritual is performed

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of yājya

yājya - one for whom a ritual is performed, a patron of a ritual

Gerundive

From root 'yaj-' (to worship, offer) with suffix '-ya', meaning 'to be sacrificed for'.

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: Acts as the first part of the compound 'yājyātmajam'.

आत्मजम् (ātmajam) - the son (of the patron) (son, child)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātmaja

ātmaja - son, born of oneself, child

From 'ātman' (self) + 'ja' (born).

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ātman+ja)

• ātman – self, soul, spirit, breath
  noun (masculine)
• ja – born, produced from
  adjective (masculine/feminine/neuter)
  Suffix from root 'jan-' (to be born).
  Root: jan (class 4)

Note: Object of 'dṛṣṭvā'.

अथ (atha) - then, moreover, thus

(indeclinable)

उ (u) - and, also, moreover

(indeclinable)

Particle used for emphasis or conjunction.

दृष्ट्वा (dṛṣṭvā) - having seen, after seeing

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (gerund)

From root 'dṛś-' (to see) with suffix '-tvā'.

Root: dṛś (class 1)

गतासुम् (gatāsum) - lifeless, deceased, one whose breath has departed

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of gatāsu

gatāsu - lifeless, dead, departed breath

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (gata+asu)

• gata – gone, departed
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'gam-' (to go).
  Root: gam (class 1)
• asu – breath, life-breath
  noun (masculine)

Note: Describes 'ātmajam'.

ऋषिसत्तमाः (ṛṣisattamāḥ) - best among sages, foremost sages

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛṣisattama

ṛṣisattama - best among sages, foremost sages

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (ṛṣi+sattama)

• ṛṣi – sage, seer, inspired poet
  noun (masculine)
• sattama – best, most excellent
  adjective (masculine)
  Superlative suffix 'tama' added to 'sat' (being, good).

Note: Subject of 'apacanta'.

अपचन्त (apacanta) - they cooked

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, past imperfect (laṅ) of pac

Imperfect

'a-' augment, plural ending. Third person plural imperfect active.

Root: pac (class 1)

तदा (tadā) - then, at that time

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

स्थाल्याम् (sthālyām) - in a pot, in a cooking vessel

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of sthālī

sthālī - pot, cooking vessel, dish

Feminine noun ending in long 'ī'.

क्षुधार्ताः (kṣudhārtāḥ) - afflicted by hunger, tormented by hunger

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of kṣudhārta

kṣudhārta - afflicted by hunger, suffering from hunger

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (kṣudhā+ārta)

• kṣudhā – hunger
  noun (feminine)
• ārta – afflicted, distressed, suffering
  adjective (masculine/neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ṛ-' (to go, move) with 'ā-' prefix, or 'ṛt-' (to hurt).
  Prefix: ā

Note: Agrees with 'ṛṣisattamāḥ'.

किल (kila) - it is said, reputedly (indeed, certainly, it is said)

(indeclinable)

भारत (bhārata) - (addressing the listener, often Dhṛtarāṣṭra or Arjuna) (O descendant of Bharata, O Arjuna)

(proper noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of bhārata

bhārata - descendant of Bharata, belonging to Bharata, India

From 'bharata' with 'aṇ' suffix.