महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-13, chapter-94, verse-11

निराद्ये मर्त्यलोकेऽस्मिन्नात्मानं ते परीप्सवः ।
कृच्छ्रामापेदिरे वृत्तिमन्नहेतोस्तपस्विनः ॥११॥

11. nirādye martyaloke'sminnātmānaṁ te parīpsavaḥ ,
kṛcchrāmāpedire vṛttimannahetostapasvinaḥ.

11. nirādye martyaloke asmin ātmānam te parīpsavaḥ
kṛcchrām āpedire vṛttim annahetoḥ tapasvinaḥ

11. asmin nirādye martyaloke annahetoḥ ātmānam
parīpsavaḥ te tapasvinaḥ kṛcchrām vṛttim āpedire

11. In this mortal world, devoid of food, those ascetics (tapasvin), desiring to preserve their own selves (ātman), resorted to a desperate measure for the sake of sustenance.

Words meanings summery:

• निराद्ये (nirādye) - foodless, devoid of food

• मर्त्यलोके (martyaloke) - in the mortal world, in the world of humans

• अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

• आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - their own selves (self, oneself, the soul)

• ते (te) - those (priests) (they)

• परीप्सवः (parīpsavaḥ) - desiring to preserve (their lives/selves) (desirous of saving, wishing to preserve, intending to obtain)

• कृच्छ्राम् (kṛcchrām) - a desperate (livelihood) (difficult, hard, dire)

• आपेदिरे (āpedire) - they resorted to (they obtained, reached, resorted to)

• वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - a means of livelihood (livelihood, subsistence, course of conduct, mode of life)

• अन्नहेतोः (annahetoḥ) - for the sake of sustenance (for the sake of food, on account of food)

• तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, those practicing austerity

Words meanings and morphology

निराद्ये (nirādye) - foodless, devoid of food

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of nirādya

nirādya - foodless, without food, where there is no food

From 'nir-' (without) + 'ādya' (food, eatable).

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+ādya)

• nis – without, out, free from
  prefix/indeclinable
• ādya – eatable, food, to be eaten
  noun (neuter)
  Gerundive
  From root 'ad-' (to eat) with suffix '-ya'.
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Agrees with 'martyaloke'.

मर्त्यलोके (martyaloke) - in the mortal world, in the world of humans

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of martyaloka

martyaloka - mortal world, human world, earth

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (martya+loka)

• martya – mortal, human
  adjective/noun (masculine)
  Gerundive
  From root 'mṛ-' (to die) with suffix '-tya'.
  Root: mṛ (class 1)
• loka – world, realm, people
  noun (masculine)

अस्मिन् (asmin) - in this

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, here

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Agrees with 'martyaloke'.

आत्मानम् (ātmānam) - their own selves (self, oneself, the soul)

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, breath

'n'-stem noun.

Note: Object of 'parīpsavaḥ' (implied desire to save).

ते (te) - those (priests) (they)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Subject of 'āpedire'.

परीप्सवः (parīpsavaḥ) - desiring to preserve (their lives/selves) (desirous of saving, wishing to preserve, intending to obtain)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of parīpsu

parīpsu - desirous of seizing, wishing to obtain, intending to gain

Desiderative participle

Desiderative form of root 'āp-' (to obtain) with 'pari-' prefix. 'parīpsa-' is the desiderative stem, 'u' suffix for agent.

Prefix: pari

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'te' and 'tapasvinaḥ'.

कृच्छ्राम् (kṛcchrām) - a desperate (livelihood) (difficult, hard, dire)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of kṛcchra

kṛcchra - difficult, hard, distressed, miserable

From root 'kṛc-' (to suffer, grieve).

Note: 'kṛcchrā' is the feminine form.

आपेदिरे (āpedire) - they resorted to (they obtained, reached, resorted to)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, middle, past perfect (lit) of āpad

Perfect

From root 'āp-' (to obtain) with 'ā-' prefix. Third person plural perfect middle.

Prefix: ā

Root: āp (class 5)

वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - a means of livelihood (livelihood, subsistence, course of conduct, mode of life)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛtti

vṛtti - livelihood, subsistence, mode of life, course of action

From root 'vṛt-' (to turn, exist).

Root: vṛt (class 1)

अन्नहेतोः (annahetoḥ) - for the sake of sustenance (for the sake of food, on account of food)

(noun)

masculine, singular of annahetu

annahetu - reason for food, for food's sake

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (anna+hetu)

• anna – food, grain, cooked rice
  noun (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From root 'ad-' (to eat).
  Root: ad (class 2)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive, means
  noun (masculine)

Note: Often used with ablative/genitive to mean 'for the sake of'.

तपस्विनः (tapasvinaḥ) - ascetics, those practicing austerity

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of tapasvin

tapasvin - ascetic, devotee, one practicing austerity

Derived from 'tapas' (austerity) with possessive suffix 'vin'.

Note: Agrees with 'te' and 'parīpsavaḥ'.