महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-60, verse-5

केषु विश्वसितव्यं स्याद्राज्ञां कस्यांचिदापदि ।
कुतो वात्मा दृढो रक्ष्यस्तन्मे ब्रूहि पितामह ॥५॥

5. keṣu viśvasitavyaṁ syādrājñāṁ kasyāṁcidāpadi ,
kuto vātmā dṛḍho rakṣyastanme brūhi pitāmaha.

5. keṣu viśvasitavyam syāt rājñām kasyāñcit āpadi |
kutaḥ vā ātmā dṛḍhaḥ rakṣyaḥ tat me brūhi pitāmaha

5. he pitāmaha kasyāñcit āpadi rājñām keṣu viśvasitavyam
syāt vā kutaḥ dṛḍhaḥ ātmā rakṣyaḥ tat me brūhi

5. In whom should kings place their trust during any calamity? And how should one's self (ātman) be firmly protected? Please tell me that, O Grandfather.

Words meanings summery:

• केषु (keṣu) - in whom, among whom, in which

• विश्वसितव्यम् (viśvasitavyam) - to be trusted, trustworthy

• स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, would be

• राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

• कस्याञ्चित् (kasyāñcit) - in some, in any

• आपदि (āpadi) - in calamity, in distress

• कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence, how

• वा (vā) - or, and

• आत्मा (ātmā) - one's own person or being (self, soul, intrinsic nature)

• दृढः (dṛḍhaḥ) - firm, strong, resolute

• रक्ष्यः (rakṣyaḥ) - to be protected, protectable

• तत् (tat) - referring to the previous questions (that)

• मे (me) - to me, for me

• ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

• पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressed to Bhishma (O grandfather)

Words meanings and morphology

केषु (keṣu) - in whom, among whom, in which

(pronoun)

Locative, plural of kim

kim - who, what, which

विश्वसितव्यम् (viśvasitavyam) - to be trusted, trustworthy

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of viśvasitavya

viśvasitavya - to be trusted, trustworthy, credible

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'śvas' with prefix 'vi' and the suffix '-tavya'.

Prefix: vi

Root: śvas (class 2)

स्यात् (syāt) - should be, may be, would be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhi-liṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

राज्ञाम् (rājñām) - of kings

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

कस्याञ्चित् (kasyāñcit) - in some, in any

(adjective)

Locative, feminine, singular of kimcit

kimcit - someone, something, any, certain

Compound of 'kim' (what) and 'cit' (an intensifying or indefinite particle).

आपदि (āpadi) - in calamity, in distress

(noun)

Locative, feminine, singular of āpad

āpad - calamity, misfortune, distress, danger

कुतः (kutaḥ) - from where, whence, how

(indeclinable)

वा (vā) - or, and

(indeclinable)

आत्मा (ātmā) - one's own person or being (self, soul, intrinsic nature)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, intrinsic nature, vital breath

दृढः (dṛḍhaḥ) - firm, strong, resolute

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛḍha

dṛḍha - firm, strong, solid, resolute, fixed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root 'dṛh' (to be firm, to strengthen).

Root: dṛh (class 1)

रक्ष्यः (rakṣyaḥ) - to be protected, protectable

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of rakṣya

rakṣya - to be protected, fit to be protected, protectable

Gerundive / Future Passive Participle

Derived from the root 'rakṣ' with the suffix '-ya'.

Root: rakṣ (class 1)

तत् (tat) - referring to the previous questions (that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

मे (me) - to me, for me

(pronoun)

Dative, singular of aham

aham - I

ब्रूहि (brūhi) - tell, speak

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of brū

Root: brū (class 2)

पितामह (pitāmaha) - Addressed to Bhishma (O grandfather)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of pitāmaha

pitāmaha - grandfather, creator (Brahma)