महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-60, verse-45

तस्माद्वर्णा ऋजवो जातिधर्माः संसृज्यन्ते तस्य विपाक एषः ।
एकं साम यजुरेकमृगेका विप्रश्चैकोऽनिश्चयस्तेषु दृष्टः ॥४५॥

45. tasmādvarṇā ṛjavo jātidharmāḥ; saṁsṛjyante tasya vipāka eṣaḥ ,
ekaṁ sāma yajurekamṛgekā; vipraścaiko'niścayasteṣu dṛṣṭaḥ.

45. tasmāt varṇāḥ ṛjavaḥ jātidharmāḥ
saṃsṛjyante tasya vipākaḥ eṣaḥ
ekam sāma yajuḥ ekam ṛk ekā vipraḥ
ca ekaḥ aniścayaḥ teṣu dṛṣṭaḥ

45. tasmāt ṛjavaḥ jātidharmāḥ varṇāḥ
saṃsṛjyante tasya eṣaḥ vipākaḥ
ekam sāma ekam yajuḥ ekā ṛk ca
ekaḥ vipraḥ teṣu aniścayaḥ dṛṣṭaḥ

45. Therefore, the classes (varṇas) whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is straightforward and determined by birth are brought into existence. This is the result (vipāka) of that. There is one Sāma [Veda], one Yajus [Veda], and one Ṛk [Veda]; and there is one Brahmin (vipra), yet an uncertainty is observed concerning them.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

• वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - classes (of people) (classes, castes, colors)

• ऋजवः (ṛjavaḥ) - straightforward (straight, honest, straightforward, simple)

• जातिधर्माः (jātidharmāḥ) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is determined by birth (whose nature/dharma is determined by birth, having the characteristics of a class)

• संसृज्यन्ते (saṁsṛjyante) - are brought into existence (are created, are brought forth, are mixed together)

• तस्य (tasya) - of that (referring to the creation process) (of that, its)

• विपाकः (vipākaḥ) - result (result, consequence, maturation, ripening)

• एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (refers to 'vipākaḥ') (this, he)

• एकम् (ekam) - one (one, a single)

• साम (sāma) - Sāma [Veda] (Sāma (Veda), song, chant)

• यजुः (yajuḥ) - Yajus [Veda] (Yajus (Veda), sacrificial formula)

• एकम् (ekam) - one (one, a single)

• ऋक् (ṛk) - Ṛk [Veda] (Ṛk (Veda), verse, hymn)

• एका (ekā) - one (one, a single)

• विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin (Brahmin, priest, inspired person, sage)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एकः (ekaḥ) - one (one, a single)

• अनिश्चयः (aniścayaḥ) - uncertainty (uncertainty, doubt, indecision)

• तेषु (teṣu) - concerning them (the Vedas and the Brahmin) (among them, in them)

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - observed (seen, observed, perceived)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that, for that reason)

(indeclinable)

Note: Ablative singular of 'tad' used adverbially.

वर्णाः (varṇāḥ) - classes (of people) (classes, castes, colors)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, tint, outward appearance, class, caste, sound, letter

ऋजवः (ṛjavaḥ) - straightforward (straight, honest, straightforward, simple)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ṛju

ṛju - straight, direct, honest, upright, simple, artless

जातिधर्माः (jātidharmāḥ) - whose intrinsic nature (dharma) is determined by birth (whose nature/dharma is determined by birth, having the characteristics of a class)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of jātidharma

jātidharma - innate nature, class-duty, characteristic of birth

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jāti+dharma)

• jāti – birth, lineage, species, caste, class
  noun (feminine)
• dharma – intrinsic nature, constitution, natural law, duty, righteousness, virtue
  noun (masculine)
  Root: dhṛ (class 1)

Note: Adjective modifying 'varṇāḥ'.

संसृज्यन्ते (saṁsṛjyante) - are brought into existence (are created, are brought forth, are mixed together)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, passive, present (laṭ) of saṃsṛj

Prefix: sam

Root: sṛj (class 6)

तस्य (tasya) - of that (referring to the creation process) (of that, its)

(pronoun)

Genitive, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

विपाकः (vipākaḥ) - result (result, consequence, maturation, ripening)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipāka

vipāka - ripening, maturity, result, consequence, development

Root: pac (class 1)

एषः (eṣaḥ) - this (refers to 'vipākaḥ') (this, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of etas

etas - this, he, she, it

एकम् (ekam) - one (one, a single)

(numeral)

साम (sāma) - Sāma [Veda] (Sāma (Veda), song, chant)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sāman

sāman - a Vedic hymn or chant, especially one from the Sāmaveda

यजुः (yajuḥ) - Yajus [Veda] (Yajus (Veda), sacrificial formula)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yajus

yajus - a prose sacrificial prayer or formula, especially one from the Yajurveda

एकम् (ekam) - one (one, a single)

(numeral)

ऋक् (ṛk) - Ṛk [Veda] (Ṛk (Veda), verse, hymn)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of ṛc

ṛc - a Vedic hymn or verse, especially one from the Ṛgveda

एका (ekā) - one (one, a single)

(numeral)

विप्रः (vipraḥ) - Brahmin (Brahmin, priest, inspired person, sage)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vipra

vipra - inspired, wise, a priest, a Brahmin

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एकः (ekaḥ) - one (one, a single)

(numeral)

अनिश्चयः (aniścayaḥ) - uncertainty (uncertainty, doubt, indecision)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of aniścaya

aniścaya - uncertainty, indecision, doubt

तेषु (teṣu) - concerning them (the Vedas and the Brahmin) (among them, in them)

(pronoun)

Locative, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - observed (seen, observed, perceived)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś (to see) with suffix -ta.

Root: dṛś (class 1)