महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-60, verse-28

तस्माच्छूद्रस्य वर्णानां परिचर्या विधीयते ।
तेषां शुश्रूषणाच्चैव महत्सुखमवाप्नुयात् ॥२८॥

28. tasmācchūdrasya varṇānāṁ paricaryā vidhīyate ,
teṣāṁ śuśrūṣaṇāccaiva mahatsukhamavāpnuyāt.

28. tasmāt śūdrasya varṇānām paricaryā vidhīyate
teṣām śuśrūṣaṇāt ca eva mahat sukham avāpnuyāt

28. tasmāt śūdrasya varṇānām paricaryā vidhīyate
ca eva teṣām śuśrūṣaṇāt mahat sukham avāpnuyāt

28. Therefore, the duty of service (paricaryā) to the (other) social classes (varṇa) is prescribed for a Śūdra. And indeed, by diligently serving them, one would achieve great happiness.

Words meanings summery:

• तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

• शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - for a Śūdra (of a Śūdra)

• वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (varṇa) (of the social classes, of the colors)

• परिचर्या (paricaryā) - service (service, attendance, worship)

• विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed (is prescribed, is ordained, is performed)

• तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the social classes) (of them)

• शुश्रूषणात् (śuśrūṣaṇāt) - from serving (from serving, by serving, from desiring to hear)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

• महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

• सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, joy, comfort)

• अवाप्नुयात् (avāpnuyāt) - one would obtain (one should obtain, one would obtain, one may obtain)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्मात् (tasmāt) - therefore (therefore, from that)

(pronoun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Often used adverbially.

शूद्रस्य (śūdrasya) - for a Śūdra (of a Śūdra)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of śūdra

śūdra - a member of the fourth varṇa, laborer, servant

Note: Here used in a dative sense (for a Śūdra).

वर्णानाम् (varṇānām) - of the social classes (varṇa) (of the social classes, of the colors)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, tint, social class, caste, quality, letter

परिचर्या (paricaryā) - service (service, attendance, worship)

(noun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of paricaryā

paricaryā - service, attendance, worship, devotion

From root car (to move) with prefix pari- and suffix -yā.

Prefix: pari

Root: car (class 1)

विधीयते (vidhīyate) - is prescribed (is prescribed, is ordained, is performed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of vidhā

Present Indicative, 3rd person singular, Passive voice

From root dhā (to place, put) with prefix vi- and passive stem -īya.

Prefix: vi

Root: dhā (class 3)

तेषाम् (teṣām) - of them (the social classes) (of them)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

शुश्रूषणात् (śuśrūṣaṇāt) - from serving (from serving, by serving, from desiring to hear)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of śuśrūṣaṇa

śuśrūṣaṇa - serving, obeying, desiring to hear

Desiderative noun

Action noun from the desiderative stem of root śru (to hear) + suffix -ana. Implies eager service.

Root: śru (class 5)

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed (indeed, only, just, certainly)

(indeclinable)

महत् (mahat) - great (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, vast, noble, important

Note: Agrees with 'sukham'.

सुखम् (sukham) - happiness (happiness, joy, comfort)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of sukha

sukha - happiness, joy, pleasure, comfort, ease

अवाप्नुयात् (avāpnuyāt) - one would obtain (one should obtain, one would obtain, one may obtain)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, potential (liṅ) of avāp

Potential Mood, 3rd person singular

From root āp (to obtain) with prefix ava-. Potential mood form.

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)