महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-60, verse-44

स्वं दैवतं ब्राह्मणाः स्वेन नित्यं परान्वर्णानयजन्नेवमासीत् ।
आरोचिता नः सुमहान्स धर्मः सृष्टो ब्रह्मणा त्रिषु वर्णेषु दृष्टः ॥४४॥

44. svaṁ daivataṁ brāhmaṇāḥ svena nityaṁ; parānvarṇānayajannevamāsīt ,
ārocitā naḥ sumahānsa dharmaḥ; sṛṣṭo brahmaṇā triṣu varṇeṣu dṛṣṭaḥ.

44. svam daivatam brāhmaṇāḥ svena nityam
parān varṇān ayajan evam āsīt
ārocitāḥ naḥ sumahān saḥ dharmaḥ
sṛṣṭaḥ brahmaṇā triṣu varṇeṣu dṛṣṭaḥ

44. brāhmaṇāḥ svena nityam svam daivatam
parān varṇān na ayajan evam āsīt
naḥ ārocitāḥ sumahān saḥ dharmaḥ
brahmaṇā sṛṣṭaḥ triṣu varṇeṣu dṛṣṭaḥ

44. Brahmins consistently worshipped their own divine principle (daivatam) by themselves and did not worship other social classes (varṇa). This was the established custom. It has been made known to us that that very great natural law (dharma), created by Brahmā and observed among the three classes, is to be seen.

Words meanings summery:

• स्वम् (svam) - one's own, their own, personal

• दैवतम् (daivatam) - deity, divine nature, divine principle, godhead

• ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

• स्वेन (svena) - by themselves, autonomously (by their own, by oneself, with one's own)

• नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

• परान् (parān) - other, different, superior

• वर्णान् (varṇān) - classes, social orders

• अयजन् (ayajan) - they did not worship (with 'na' implied from preceding context) (they sacrificed, they worshipped)

• एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

• आसीत् (āsīt) - This was the established custom/situation. (it was, existed)

• आरोचिताः (ārocitāḥ) - (these things) have been made known (made known, revealed, announced)

• नः (naḥ) - to us, for us, of us

• सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly great, mighty

• सः (saḥ) - that (specific) dharma (that, he)

• धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness (dharma)

• सृष्टः (sṛṣṭaḥ) - created, produced, made

• ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā, the creator god (by Brahmā (the creator god), by Brahman (the ultimate reality))

• त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three

• वर्णेषु (varṇeṣu) - in the classes, among the social orders

• दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, understood, perceived

Words meanings and morphology

स्वम् (svam) - one's own, their own, personal

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self, own property, kinsman

दैवतम् (daivatam) - deity, divine nature, divine principle, godhead

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of daivata

daivata - deity, divine nature, pertaining to gods, divine

Derived from deva (god)

ब्राह्मणाः (brāhmaṇāḥ) - Brahmins

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of brāhmaṇa

brāhmaṇa - a Brahmin, relating to Brahman/Brahmins

स्वेन (svena) - by themselves, autonomously (by their own, by oneself, with one's own)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of sva

sva - one's own, self, own property, kinsman

नित्यम् (nityam) - always, constantly, perpetually

(indeclinable)

परान् (parān) - other, different, superior

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, plural of para

para - other, another, distant, superior, highest

वर्णान् (varṇān) - classes, social orders

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, outward appearance, class, social order, caste, letter, sound

अयजन् (ayajan) - they did not worship (with 'na' implied from preceding context) (they sacrificed, they worshipped)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, imperfect (laṅ) of yaj

Root: yaj (class 1)

Note: The 'a-' prefix indicates imperfect tense, not negation here. Negation 'na' is implied with 'parān varṇān'.

एवम् (evam) - thus, in this manner, so

(indeclinable)

आसीत् (āsīt) - This was the established custom/situation. (it was, existed)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, imperfect (laṅ) of as

Root: as (class 2)

आरोचिताः (ārocitāḥ) - (these things) have been made known (made known, revealed, announced)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, plural of ārocita

ārocita - made visible, illuminated, declared, announced, revealed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root ruc (to shine, please) with prefix ā- (to make known)

Prefix: ā

Root: ruc (class 1)

Note: Grammatically appears as masculine plural nominative. Refers to implied 'truths' or 'principles' that have been revealed, which are then further specified by 'dharmaḥ'.

नः (naḥ) - to us, for us, of us

(pronoun)

Dative, plural of asmad

asmad - we, us

सुमहान् (sumahān) - very great, exceedingly great, mighty

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sumahat

sumahat - very great, exceedingly large/mighty

Compound of su- (good, excellent, very) and mahat (great)

Compound type : karmadhāraya (su+mahat)

• su – good, well, very, excellent
  indeclinable
• mahat – great, large, mighty, important
  adjective (neuter)

सः (saḥ) - that (specific) dharma (that, he)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it, they

धर्मः (dharmaḥ) - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness (dharma)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dharma

dharma - natural law, constitution, duty, righteousness, virtue, custom (dharma)

Root: dhṛ (class 1)

सृष्टः (sṛṣṭaḥ) - created, produced, made

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of sṛṣṭa

sṛṣṭa - created, emitted, released, formed

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root sṛj (to create, emit)

Root: sṛj (class 6)

ब्रह्मणा (brahmaṇā) - by Brahmā, the creator god (by Brahmā (the creator god), by Brahman (the ultimate reality))

(proper noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of brahman

brahman - Brahmā (the creator god), Brahman (the absolute reality), sacred word/knowledge, priest

त्रिषु (triṣu) - in three

(numeral)

Note: Agrees with 'varṇeṣu'

वर्णेषु (varṇeṣu) - in the classes, among the social orders

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of varṇa

varṇa - color, outward appearance, class, social order, caste, letter, sound

दृष्टः (dṛṣṭaḥ) - seen, observed, understood, perceived

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dṛṣṭa

dṛṣṭa - seen, observed, perceived, apparent

Past Passive Participle

Derived from root dṛś (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)