महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-60, verse-24

तस्य वृत्तिं प्रवक्ष्यामि यच्च तस्योपजीवनम् ।
षण्णामेकां पिबेद्धेनुं शताच्च मिथुनं हरेत् ॥२४॥

24. tasya vṛttiṁ pravakṣyāmi yacca tasyopajīvanam ,
ṣaṇṇāmekāṁ pibeddhenuṁ śatācca mithunaṁ haret.

24. tasya vṛttim pravakṣyāmi yat ca tasya upajīvanam
ṣaṇṇām ekāṃ pibet dhenum śatāt ca mithunam haret

24. tasya vṛttim ca tasya yat upajīvanam pravakṣyāmi
ṣaṇṇām dhenum ekāṃ pibet ca śatāt mithunam haret

24. I will explain his means of livelihood and his subsistence. From every six cows, he should take the produce (milk) of one. And from every hundred (cattle), he should take a pair (male and female).

Words meanings summery:

• तस्य (tasya) - Of the Vaiśya mentioned in previous verses (his, of him)

• वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - livelihood, mode of living

• प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

• यत् (yat) - what, which

• च (ca) - and

• तस्य (tasya) - Of the Vaiśya (his, of him)

• उपजीवनम् (upajīvanam) - means of subsistence, livelihood

• षण्णाम् (ṣaṇṇām) - From a group of six (cows) (of six)

• एकाम् (ekām) - One (cow's produce/milk) (one)

• पिबेत् (pibet) - He should take the milk or produce of one cow (he should drink, he should take (metaphorical))

• धेनुम् (dhenum) - Referring to the produce (milk) of one cow (a cow)

• शतात् (śatāt) - From a group of a hundred (cattle) (from a hundred)

• च (ca) - and

• मिथुनम् (mithunam) - A pair of cattle (male and female) (a pair, a couple)

• हरेत् (haret) - He should take ownership of a pair (he should take, he should carry)

Words meanings and morphology

तस्य (tasya) - Of the Vaiśya mentioned in previous verses (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - of that, of him/her/it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the Vaiśya

वृत्तिम् (vṛttim) - livelihood, mode of living

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of vṛtti

vṛtti - livelihood, subsistence, mode of life, conduct, activity

From root vṛt (to be, exist)

Root: vṛt (class 1)

Note: Object of pravakṣyāmi

प्रवक्ष्यामि (pravakṣyāmi) - I will explain, I will declare

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, future (lṛṭ) of vac

future tense

Root vac with prefix pra- and future tense ending

Prefix: pra

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: The active voice, 1st person singular, future tense of pravac (to declare)

यत् (yat) - what, which

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - which, what (relative pronoun)

Note: Subject of implied 'is'

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects vṛttim and upajīvanam

तस्य (tasya) - Of the Vaiśya (his, of him)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - of that, of him/her/it (demonstrative pronoun)

Note: Refers to the Vaiśya

उपजीवनम् (upajīvanam) - means of subsistence, livelihood

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of upajīvana

upajīvana - means of subsistence, livelihood, living upon

from upa-jīv (to live upon)

Prefix: upa

Root: jīv (class 1)

Note: Part of the indirect question 'what is his means of subsistence'

षण्णाम् (ṣaṇṇām) - From a group of six (cows) (of six)

(numeral)

एकाम् (ekām) - One (cow's produce/milk) (one)

(adjective)

Accusative, feminine, singular of eka

eka - one, a single, unique

Note: Agrees with dhenum

पिबेत् (pibet) - He should take the milk or produce of one cow (he should drink, he should take (metaphorical))

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of pā

optative mood

Root pā with optative ending

Root: pā (class 1)

Note: The active voice, 3rd person singular, optative mood of the verb pā (to drink/take)

धेनुम् (dhenum) - Referring to the produce (milk) of one cow (a cow)

(noun)

Accusative, feminine, singular of dhenu

dhenu - milch cow, cow, female animal yielding milk

Note: Object of pibet

शतात् (śatāt) - From a group of a hundred (cattle) (from a hundred)

(numeral)

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects the two clauses describing livelihood

मिथुनम् (mithunam) - A pair of cattle (male and female) (a pair, a couple)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of mithuna

mithuna - a pair, couple, union, male and female

Note: Object of haret

हरेत् (haret) - He should take ownership of a pair (he should take, he should carry)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (liṅ) of hṛ

optative mood

Root hṛ with optative ending

Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: The active voice, 3rd person singular, optative mood of the verb hṛ (to take)