महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-60, verse-16

अविक्षतेन देहेन समराद्यो निवर्तते ।
क्षत्रियो नास्य तत्कर्म प्रशंसन्ति पुराविदः ॥१६॥

16. avikṣatena dehena samarādyo nivartate ,
kṣatriyo nāsya tatkarma praśaṁsanti purāvidaḥ.

16. avikṣatena dehena samarāt yaḥ nivartate
kṣatriyaḥ na asya tat karma praśaṃsanti purāvidaḥ

16. yaḥ kṣatriyaḥ avikṣatena dehena samarāt nivartate,
asya tat karma purāvidaḥ na praśaṃsanti.

16. The Kṣatriya who returns from battle with an uninjured body – ancient scholars do not praise that action (karma) of his.

Words meanings summery:

• अविक्षतेन (avikṣatena) - with an uninjured (body) (by an uninjured, by an unharmed)

• देहेन (dehena) - with (his) body (by the body, with the body)

• समरात् (samarāt) - from battle (from battle, from war)

• यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which, that)

• निवर्तते (nivartate) - he returns (he turns back, he returns, he refrains)

• क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - the Kṣatriya (a Kṣatriya, a warrior)

• न (na) - not (not, no)

• अस्य (asya) - of his (of him, of this)

• तत् (tat) - that (action) (that, that one, it)

• कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual action)

• प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise (they praise, they commend)

• पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - ancient scholars (those who know the past, ancient scholars, historians)

Words meanings and morphology

अविक्षतेन (avikṣatena) - with an uninjured (body) (by an uninjured, by an unharmed)

(adjective)

Instrumental, neuter, singular of avikṣata

avikṣata - uninjured, unharmed, unwounded

Past Passive Participle with negative prefix `a`.

Negated PPP of root `kṣan` (to hurt) with prefix `vi`.

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vikṣata)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative particle.
• vikṣata – injured, wounded
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  PPP of root `kṣan` with prefix `vi`.
  Prefix: vi
  Root: kṣan (class 8)

Note: Agrees with `dehena`.

देहेन (dehena) - with (his) body (by the body, with the body)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of deha

deha - body, form, person

Root: dih (class 4)

समरात् (samarāt) - from battle (from battle, from war)

(noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of samara

samara - battle, war, conflict

Prefix: sam

Root: mṛ (class 6)

यः (yaḥ) - who (who, which, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - which, what, who, that

निवर्तते (nivartate) - he returns (he turns back, he returns, he refrains)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of nivṛt

Present tense, middle voice, from root `vṛt` with prefix `ni`.

Prefix: ni

Root: vṛt (class 1)

क्षत्रियः (kṣatriyaḥ) - the Kṣatriya (a Kṣatriya, a warrior)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kṣatriya

kṣatriya - a member of the warrior/ruling class, a Kṣatriya

Note: Co-refers with `yaḥ`.

न (na) - not (not, no)

(indeclinable)

अस्य (asya) - of his (of him, of this)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of idam

idam - this, this one, he, she, it

Note: Refers to `kṣatriyaḥ`.

तत् (tat) - that (action) (that, that one, it)

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Note: Agrees with `karma`.

कर्म (karma) - action (karma) (action, deed, work, ritual action)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of karman

karman - action, deed, work, ritual action, fate (karma)

Root: kṛ (class 8)

प्रशंसन्ति (praśaṁsanti) - they praise (they praise, they commend)

(verb)

3rd person , plural, active, present (laṭ) of praśaṃs

Present tense, active voice, from root `śaṃs` with prefix `pra`.

Prefix: pra

Root: śaṃs (class 1)

पुराविदः (purāvidaḥ) - ancient scholars (those who know the past, ancient scholars, historians)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, plural of purāvid

purāvid - knowing the past, ancient scholar, historian

Compound type : upapada tatpuruṣa (purā+vid)

• purā – formerly, in ancient times, before
  indeclinable
• vid – knower, knowing
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from root `vid`.
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Subject of `praśaṃsanti`.