महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-31, verse-24

ववृधे स यथाकालं सरसीव महोत्पलम् ।
बभूव काञ्चनष्ठीवी यथार्थं नाम तस्य तत् ॥२४॥

24. vavṛdhe sa yathākālaṁ sarasīva mahotpalam ,
babhūva kāñcanaṣṭhīvī yathārthaṁ nāma tasya tat.

24. vāvṛdhe saḥ yathākālam sarasī iva mahautpalam |
babhūva kāñcanasthīvī yathārtham nāma tasya tat

24. saḥ yathākālam sarasī iva mahautpalam vāvṛdhe
tasya tat nāma kāñcanasthīvī yathārtham babhūva

24. He grew in due course, like a great lotus in a lake. Thus, his name "Kañcanasthīvin" (Gold-spitter) became truly fitting.

Words meanings summery:

• वावृधे (vāvṛdhe) - He grew (in size and power) (grew, increased)

• सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

• यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - at the proper time (in due course, at the proper time, seasonably)

• सरसी (sarasī) - in a lake (in a lake, in a pond)

• इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

• महौत्पलम् (mahautpalam) - a great lotus (a great lotus, a large lotus)

• बभूव (babhūva) - became (became, came into being)

• काञ्चनस्थीवी (kāñcanasthīvī) - the name Gold-spitter (gold-spitter, one who spits gold)

• यथार्थम् (yathārtham) - truly fitting, appropriate (appropriate, meaningful, true to its meaning, correctly)

• नाम (nāma) - name (name, by name, indeed)

• तस्य (tasya) - his (of him, his, of that)

• तत् (tat) - that (name) (that, it)

Words meanings and morphology

वावृधे (vāvṛdhe) - He grew (in size and power) (grew, increased)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, perfect (liṭ) of vṛdh

reduplicated perfect, middle voice

From root √vṛdh (1st class, Ātmanepada), perfect, 3rd person singular, middle voice.

Root: vṛdh (class 1)

सः (saḥ) - he (he, that)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

यथाकालम् (yathākālam) - at the proper time (in due course, at the proper time, seasonably)

(indeclinable)

Compound of yathā (as, according to) and kālam (time). Used adverbially.

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+kāla)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• kāla – time, season
  noun (masculine)

सरसी (sarasī) - in a lake (in a lake, in a pond)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of saras

saras - lake, pond, pool

Neuter noun ending in -as.

इव (iva) - like (like, as, as if)

(indeclinable)

महौत्पलम् (mahautpalam) - a great lotus (a great lotus, a large lotus)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahāutpala

mahāutpala - great lotus

Compound of mahā (great) and utpala (lotus).

Compound type : karmadhāraya (mahā+utpala)

• mahā – great, large, mighty
  adjective
• utpala – lotus, water-lily
  noun (neuter)

Note: Could also be accusative singular. In this context, it is the nominative subject of the simile.

बभूव (babhūva) - became (became, came into being)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, perfect (liṭ) of bhū

reduplicated perfect, active voice

From root √bhū (1st class, Parasmaipada), perfect, 3rd person singular, active voice.

Root: bhū (class 1)

काञ्चनस्थीवी (kāñcanasthīvī) - the name Gold-spitter (gold-spitter, one who spits gold)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of kāñcanasthīvin

kāñcanasthīvin - one who spits gold, gold-spitter

Compound formed from kāñcana (gold) and sthīvin (one who spits), or a derivative of sthīv with in suffix.

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (kāñcana+sthīvin)

• kāñcana – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• sthīvin – one who spits
  noun (masculine)
  Agent noun from √ṣṭhīv with -in suffix
  From root √ṣṭhīv (1st class) 'to spit' + -in suffix.
  Root: ṣṭhīv (class 1)

Note: Predicate nominative.

यथार्थम् (yathārtham) - truly fitting, appropriate (appropriate, meaningful, true to its meaning, correctly)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yathārtha

yathārtha - true, real, appropriate, meaningful

Compound of yathā (as, according to) and artha (meaning, purpose).

Compound type : avyayībhāva (yathā+artha)

• yathā – as, according to
  indeclinable
• artha – meaning, purpose, object, wealth
  noun (masculine)

Note: Agreement with nāma (neuter nominative singular).

नाम (nāma) - name (name, by name, indeed)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of nāman

nāman - name, appellation

Neuter noun, stem ending in -an.

Note: Subject of the second clause.

तस्य (tasya) - his (of him, his, of that)

(pronoun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Genitive singular masculine of tad.

तत् (tat) - that (name) (that, it)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Nominative singular neuter of tad.