महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-296, verse-40

पृष्टस्त्वया चास्मि यथा नरेन्द्र तथा मयेदं त्वयि चोक्तमद्य ।
तथावाप्तं ब्रह्मणो मे नरेन्द्र महज्ज्ञानं मोक्षविदां पुराणम् ॥४०॥

40. pṛṣṭastvayā cāsmi yathā narendra; tathā mayedaṁ tvayi coktamadya ,
tathāvāptaṁ brahmaṇo me narendra; mahajjñānaṁ mokṣavidāṁ purāṇam.

40. pṛṣṭaḥ tvayā ca asmi yathā narendra
tathā mayā idam tvayi ca uktam
adya tathā avāptam brahmaṇaḥ me
narendra mahat jñānam mokṣavidām purāṇam

40. narendra yathā tvayā ca asmi pṛṣṭaḥ
tathā adya mayā idam ca tvayi
uktam tathā narendra mokṣavidām purāṇam
mahat jñānam brahmaṇaḥ me avāptam

40. O lord of men (narendra), just as I have been questioned by you, so has this been declared by me to you today. In the same way, O lord of men, this great, ancient knowledge (jñāna) of those who understand liberation (mokṣa) was obtained by me from the ultimate reality (brahman).

Words meanings summery:

• पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - having been asked about this knowledge (questioned, asked)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by your specific inquiry (by you)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• अस्मि (asmi) - I, the speaker, am (being questioned) (I am)

• यथा (yathā) - indicating a comparison for the manner of speaking (just as, as)

• नरेन्द्र (narendra) - Addressing the king. (O king, O lord of men)

• तथा (tathā) - correlative to 'yathā', indicating correspondence (so, thus, in that way)

• मया (mayā) - by me, the speaker (by me)

• इदम् (idam) - this knowledge being explained (this, this one)

• त्वयि (tvayi) - addressed to you (the king) (in you, to you)

• च (ca) - and (and, also)

• उक्तम् (uktam) - proclaimed or stated (this knowledge) (said, declared, spoken)

• अद्य (adya) - at this very moment (today, now)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same manner (so, thus)

• अवाप्तम् (avāptam) - attained or received (this knowledge) (obtained, acquired)

• ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - from the ultimate reality (brahman) (from Brahman)

• मे (me) - by me (the speaker) (by me, to me, for me, my)

• नरेन्द्र (narendra) - Addressing the king. (O king, O lord of men)

• महत् (mahat) - profound and significant (knowledge) (great, large, important)

• ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - profound spiritual knowledge (knowledge, wisdom)

• मोक्षविदाम् (mokṣavidām) - pertaining to the sages and enlightened beings who have attained or teach about liberation (mokṣa) (of those who know liberation)

• पुराणम् (purāṇam) - venerable, traditional knowledge dating back to ancient times (ancient, old, traditional)

Words meanings and morphology

पृष्टः (pṛṣṭaḥ) - having been asked about this knowledge (questioned, asked)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of pṛṣṭa

pṛṣṭa - asked, questioned, interrogated

Past Passive Participle

From root 'prach' (to ask)

Root: prach (class 6)

Note: Qualifies the speaker (implied 'aham').

त्वया (tvayā) - by your specific inquiry (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'pṛṣṭaḥ'.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects clauses.

अस्मि (asmi) - I, the speaker, am (being questioned) (I am)

(verb)

1st person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of as

Present tense, active voice, indicative mood.

Root: as (class 2)

Note: Linking verb for 'pṛṣṭaḥ'.

यथा (yathā) - indicating a comparison for the manner of speaking (just as, as)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

नरेन्द्र (narendra) - Addressing the king. (O king, O lord of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound of 'nara' (man) and 'indra' (chief, lord).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, most excellent
  noun (masculine)

तथा (tathā) - correlative to 'yathā', indicating correspondence (so, thus, in that way)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

मया (mayā) - by me, the speaker (by me)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person pronoun.

Note: Agent in passive construction ('uktam').

इदम् (idam) - this knowledge being explained (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

त्वयि (tvayi) - addressed to you (the king) (in you, to you)

(pronoun)

Locative, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Indicates the recipient of the declaration.

च (ca) - and (and, also)

(indeclinable)

उक्तम् (uktam) - proclaimed or stated (this knowledge) (said, declared, spoken)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of ukta

ukta - said, spoken, declared

Past Passive Participle

From root 'vac' (to speak)

Root: vac (class 2)

Note: Qualifies 'idam'.

अद्य (adya) - at this very moment (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in the same manner (so, thus)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

अवाप्तम् (avāptam) - attained or received (this knowledge) (obtained, acquired)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avāpta

avāpta - obtained, reached, accomplished, acquired

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ava' + root 'āp' (to obtain, reach)

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies 'jñānam'.

ब्रह्मणः (brahmaṇaḥ) - from the ultimate reality (brahman) (from Brahman)

(noun)

Ablative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the Absolute, the ultimate reality, the universal spirit

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Source of the knowledge.

मे (me) - by me (the speaker) (by me, to me, for me, my)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of asmad

asmad - I, me

First person pronoun.

Note: Agent of the passive participle 'avāptam'.

नरेन्द्र (narendra) - Addressing the king. (O king, O lord of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narendra

narendra - king, lord of men

Compound of 'nara' (man) and 'indra' (chief, lord).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (nara+indra)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• indra – chief, lord, most excellent
  noun (masculine)

महत् (mahat) - profound and significant (knowledge) (great, large, important)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of mahat

mahat - great, large, big, mighty, important

Present Active Participle

From root 'mah' (to be great) or treated as a primary adjective.

Root: mah (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'jñānam'.

ज्ञानम् (jñānam) - profound spiritual knowledge (knowledge, wisdom)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of jñāna

jñāna - knowledge, wisdom, understanding

Derived from root 'jñā' (to know)

Root: jñā (class 9)

Note: Subject of 'avāptam'.

मोक्षविदाम् (mokṣavidām) - pertaining to the sages and enlightened beings who have attained or teach about liberation (mokṣa) (of those who know liberation)

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, plural of mokṣavid

mokṣavid - knowing liberation, one who knows liberation

Compound of 'mokṣa' (liberation) and 'vid' (knowing).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (mokṣa+vid)

• mokṣa – liberation, release, emancipation
  noun (masculine)
  Derived from root 'muc' (to release)
  Root: muc (class 6)
• vid – knowing, wise, learned
  adjective (masculine)
  Derived from root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Indicates the source or tradition of the knowledge.

पुराणम् (purāṇam) - venerable, traditional knowledge dating back to ancient times (ancient, old, traditional)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of purāṇa

purāṇa - ancient, old, traditional, legendary (also name of a class of religious texts)

Note: Qualifies 'jñānam'.