महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-296, verse-1

वसिष्ठ उवाच ।
अप्रबुद्धमथाव्यक्तमिमं गुणविधिं शृणु ।
गुणान्धारयते ह्येषा सृजत्याक्षिपते तथा ॥१॥

1. vasiṣṭha uvāca ,
aprabuddhamathāvyaktamimaṁ guṇavidhiṁ śṛṇu ,
guṇāndhārayate hyeṣā sṛjatyākṣipate tathā.

1. vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca aprabuddham atha avyaktam imam guṇavidhim
śṛṇu guṇān dhārayate hi eṣā sṛjati ākṣipate tathā

1. vasiṣṭhaḥ uvāca: atha imam aprabuddham avyaktam guṇavidhim
śṛṇu hi eṣā guṇān dhārayate sṛjati tathā ākṣipate

1. Vasiṣṭha said: "Now, listen to this principle of the qualities (guṇas), which is unawakened and unmanifest. Indeed, this (principle, i.e., `prakṛti`) sustains the qualities (guṇas), creates, and also withdraws them."

Words meanings summery:

• वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (a proper name)

• उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

• अप्रबुद्धम् (aprabuddham) - unawakened, not understood, dormant

• अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

• अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - unmanifest, indistinct, imperceptible

• इमम् (imam) - this

• गुणविधिम् (guṇavidhim) - the law of qualities, the principle of the guṇas

• शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen!, hear!

• गुणान् (guṇān) - the qualities, the guṇas

• धारयते (dhārayate) - she sustains, she bears, she holds

• हि (hi) - surely, indeed

• एषा (eṣā) - this feminine principle, implicitly prakṛti (she, this (feminine))

• सृजति (sṛjati) - she creates, she emits

• आक्षिपते (ākṣipate) - she withdraws, she throws off, she attracts

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and also

Words meanings and morphology

वसिष्ठः (vasiṣṭhaḥ) - Vasiṣṭha (a proper name)

(proper noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vasiṣṭha

vasiṣṭha - Vasiṣṭha (name of a revered sage)

Superlative of `vasu` (good, excellent).

Note: Subject of `uvāca`.

उवाच (uvāca) - he said, spoke

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, past perfect (lit) of √vac

Perfect active indicative

3rd person singular

Root: √vac (class 2)

अप्रबुद्धम् (aprabuddham) - unawakened, not understood, dormant

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of aprabuddha

aprabuddha - not awakened, dormant

Past Passive Participle

Negative prefix `a-` + `pra-` + √budh (to awaken, know).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+prabuddha)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• prabuddha – awakened, intelligent, manifest
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `pra-` (forth) + √budh (to awaken, know).
  Prefix: pra
  Root: √budh (class 1)

Note: Agrees with `guṇavidhim`.

अथ (atha) - now, then, thereupon

(indeclinable)

अव्यक्तम् (avyaktam) - unmanifest, indistinct, imperceptible

(adjective)

Accusative, neuter, singular of avyakta

avyakta - unmanifest, invisible, indistinct

Past Passive Participle

Negative prefix `a-` + `vi-` + √añj (to anoint, manifest).

Compound type : nañ-tatpuruṣa (a+vyakta)

• a – not, un-
  indeclinable
  Negative prefix
• vyakta – manifest, distinct, clear
  adjective (neuter)
  Past Passive Participle
  From `vi-` (apart) + √añj (to anoint, make clear).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √añj (class 7)

Note: Agrees with `guṇavidhim`.

इमम् (imam) - this

(pronoun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Agrees with `guṇavidhim`.

गुणविधिम् (guṇavidhim) - the law of qualities, the principle of the guṇas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of guṇavidhi

guṇavidhi - rule concerning qualities, law of properties

Compound of `guṇa` (quality) and `vidhi` (rule, method).

Compound type : tatpurusha (guṇa+vidhi)

• guṇa – quality, attribute, constituent (of prakṛti)
  noun (masculine)
• vidhi – rule, ordinance, method, destiny
  noun (masculine)
  From `vi-` (apart) + √dhā (to place).
  Prefix: vi
  Root: √dhā (class 3)

शृणु (śṛṇu) - listen!, hear!

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of √śru

Imperative active

2nd person singular

Root: √śru (class 5)

गुणान् (guṇān) - the qualities, the guṇas

(noun)

Accusative, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, constituent (of prakṛti)

Note: Object of `dhārayate`, `sṛjati`, `ākṣipate`.

धारयते (dhārayate) - she sustains, she bears, she holds

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of √dhṛ

Present middle indicative (causative stem)

3rd person singular

Root: √dhṛ (class 10)

Note: Subject is `eṣā` (referring to `prakṛti` or `māyā`).

हि (hi) - surely, indeed

(indeclinable)

एषा (eṣā) - this feminine principle, implicitly prakṛti (she, this (feminine))

(pronoun)

Nominative, feminine, singular of idam

idam - this

Note: Subject of `dhārayate`, `sṛjati`, `ākṣipate`.

सृजति (sṛjati) - she creates, she emits

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of √sṛj

Present active indicative

3rd person singular

Root: √sṛj (class 6)

Note: Co-verb with `dhārayate` and `ākṣipate`.

आक्षिपते (ākṣipate) - she withdraws, she throws off, she attracts

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of ā-√kṣip

Present middle indicative

3rd person singular

Prefix: ā

Root: √kṣip (class 6)

Note: Co-verb with `dhārayate` and `sṛjati`.

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, and also

(indeclinable)

Adverb formed from `tad` (that).

Note: Connects the last verb.