महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-296, verse-39

अवाप्तमेतद्धि पुरा सनातनाद्धिरण्यगर्भाद्गदतो नराधिप ।
प्रसाद्य यत्नेन तमुग्रतेजसं सनातनं ब्रह्म यथाद्य वै त्वया ॥३९॥

39. avāptametaddhi purā sanātanā;ddhiraṇyagarbhādgadato narādhipa ,
prasādya yatnena tamugratejasaṁ; sanātanaṁ brahma yathādya vai tvayā.

39. avāptam etat hi purā sanātanāt
hiraṇyagarbhāt gadataḥ narādhipa
prasādya yatnena tam ugratejasam
sanātanam brahma yathā adya vai tvayā

39. narādhipa etat hi purā sanātanāt
hiraṇyagarbhāt gadataḥ avāptam
yathā adya vai tvayā yatnena tam
ugratejasam sanātanam brahma prasādya

39. O king (narādhipa), this (knowledge) was indeed obtained long ago from the eternal (sanātana) Hiraṇyagarbha as he was proclaiming it. Just as it was then, it has now indeed been attained by you through diligently propitiating that eternal (sanātana) ultimate reality (brahman), who possesses fierce energy.

Words meanings summery:

• अवाप्तम् (avāptam) - successfully acquired (this knowledge) (obtained, acquired, attained)

• एतत् (etat) - this specific knowledge previously mentioned (this, this one)

• हि (hi) - indeed, emphasizing the truth of the statement (indeed, surely, because)

• पुरा (purā) - in a previous era, in antiquity (formerly, anciently, long ago)

• सनातनात् (sanātanāt) - from the primeval, everlasting source (from the eternal, from the ancient)

• हिरण्यगर्भात् (hiraṇyagarbhāt) - from the primordial golden cosmic egg/womb, often identified with Brahmā (from Hiraṇyagarbha)

• गदतः (gadataḥ) - as he was speaking or imparting this knowledge (speaking, proclaiming, declaring)

• नराधिप (narādhipa) - O sovereign, addressing the king (O king, O ruler of men)

• प्रसाद्य (prasādya) - by seeking grace and making devotion to (having propitiated, having appeased, having pleased)

• यत्नेन (yatnena) - with persistent and sincere effort (by effort, diligently, with exertion)

• तम् (tam) - that specific Brahman mentioned as 'ugratejasam sanātanam brahma' (him, that)

• उग्रतेजसम् (ugratejasam) - possessing immense, powerful, and awe-inspiring energy (of fierce energy, having terrible splendor)

• सनातनम् (sanātanam) - everlasting, primordial (eternal, ancient)

• ब्रह्म (brahma) - the supreme, ultimate, unconditioned reality (brahman) (Brahman, the ultimate reality)

• यथा (yathā) - indicating a comparison or similarity in the way knowledge was obtained (just as, as, in the manner that)

• अद्य (adya) - at the present time, in this era (today, now)

• वै (vai) - an emphatic particle (indeed, surely)

• त्वया (tvayā) - by your effort and devotion (by you)

Words meanings and morphology

अवाप्तम् (avāptam) - successfully acquired (this knowledge) (obtained, acquired, attained)

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of avāpta

avāpta - obtained, reached, accomplished, acquired

Past Passive Participle

From prefix 'ava' + root 'āp' (to obtain, reach)

Prefix: ava

Root: āp (class 5)

Note: Qualifies an implied neuter noun like 'jñānam' (knowledge).

एतत् (etat) - this specific knowledge previously mentioned (this, this one)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, this one

Demonstrative pronoun.

हि (hi) - indeed, emphasizing the truth of the statement (indeed, surely, because)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

पुरा (purā) - in a previous era, in antiquity (formerly, anciently, long ago)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

सनातनात् (sanātanāt) - from the primeval, everlasting source (from the eternal, from the ancient)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, everlasting, perpetual, ancient

Derived from 'sanā' (always) and suffix 'tana'.

Note: Qualifies Hiraṇyagarbha.

हिरण्यगर्भात् (hiraṇyagarbhāt) - from the primordial golden cosmic egg/womb, often identified with Brahmā (from Hiraṇyagarbha)

(proper noun)

Ablative, masculine, singular of hiraṇyagarbha

hiraṇyagarbha - gold-womb, golden egg (a name for Brahmā as the creator, or the primeval cosmic principle)

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (hiraṇya+garbha)

• hiraṇya – gold, golden
  noun (neuter)
• garbha – womb, embryo, fetus, interior
  noun (masculine)

Note: Source of the knowledge.

गदतः (gadataḥ) - as he was speaking or imparting this knowledge (speaking, proclaiming, declaring)

(adjective)

Ablative, masculine, singular of gadat

gadat - speaking, telling, proclaiming

Present Active Participle

From root 'gad' (to speak, say) with present participle suffix '-at'.

Root: gad (class 1)

Note: Agrees with Hiraṇyagarbha.

नराधिप (narādhipa) - O sovereign, addressing the king (O king, O ruler of men)

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of narādhipa

narādhipa - king, ruler of men, chief of men

Compound of 'nara' (man) and 'adhipa' (ruler, lord).

Compound type : Tatpurusha (nara+adhipa)

• nara – man, human being
  noun (masculine)
• adhipa – ruler, lord, chief
  noun (masculine)

प्रसाद्य (prasādya) - by seeking grace and making devotion to (having propitiated, having appeased, having pleased)

(indeclinable)

Absolutive (Gerund)

From prefix 'pra-sad' (to be gracious, please) with suffix '-ya'.

Prefix: pra

Root: sad (class 1)

यत्नेन (yatnena) - with persistent and sincere effort (by effort, diligently, with exertion)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of yatna

yatna - effort, exertion, endeavor, diligence

Derived from root 'yat' (to exert, strive).

Root: yat (class 1)

Note: Indicates the means by which propitiation is done.

तम् (tam) - that specific Brahman mentioned as 'ugratejasam sanātanam brahma' (him, that)

(pronoun)

Accusative, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, that one, him

Demonstrative pronoun.

Note: Object of 'prasādya'.

उग्रतेजसम् (ugratejasam) - possessing immense, powerful, and awe-inspiring energy (of fierce energy, having terrible splendor)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of ugratejas

ugratejas - having terrible splendor or energy, fierce, potent

Compound of 'ugra' (fierce, mighty) and 'tejas' (splendor, energy).

Compound type : Bahuvrihi (ugra+tejas)

• ugra – fierce, terrible, mighty, powerful
  adjective (masculine)
• tejas – splendor, brilliance, energy, power, sharp edge
  noun (neuter)

Note: Qualifies 'brahma'.

सनातनम् (sanātanam) - everlasting, primordial (eternal, ancient)

(adjective)

Accusative, masculine, singular of sanātana

sanātana - eternal, everlasting, perpetual, ancient

Derived from 'sanā' (always) and suffix 'tana'.

Note: Qualifies 'brahma'.

ब्रह्म (brahma) - the supreme, ultimate, unconditioned reality (brahman) (Brahman, the ultimate reality)

(noun)

Accusative, neuter, singular of brahman

brahman - the Absolute, the ultimate reality, the universal spirit

Root: bṛh (class 1)

Note: Object of 'prasādya'.

यथा (yathā) - indicating a comparison or similarity in the way knowledge was obtained (just as, as, in the manner that)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of manner.

अद्य (adya) - at the present time, in this era (today, now)

(indeclinable)

Adverb of time.

वै (vai) - an emphatic particle (indeed, surely)

(indeclinable)

Particle.

त्वया (tvayā) - by your effort and devotion (by you)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Second person pronoun.

Note: Agent in passive construction.