महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-296, verse-32

न देयमेतच्च तथानृतात्मने शठाय क्लीबाय न जिह्मबुद्धये ।
न पण्डितज्ञानपरोपतापिने देयं त्वयेदं विनिबोध यादृशे ॥३२॥

32. na deyametacca tathānṛtātmane; śaṭhāya klībāya na jihmabuddhaye ,
na paṇḍitajñānaparopatāpine; deyaṁ tvayedaṁ vinibodha yādṛśe.

32. na deyam etat ca tathā anṛtātmane
śaṭhāya klībāyā na jihmabuddhaye
na paṇḍitajñānaparopatāpine
deyam tvayā idam vinibodha yādṛśe

32. (idam) etat ca tathā anṛtātmane na deyam.
śaṭhāya klībāyā na jihmabuddhaye (ca na deyam).
paṇḍitajñānaparopatāpine na (deyam).
tvayā idam deyam yādṛśe vinibodha.

32. O King, this (teaching) should not be given to one who is untruthful, nor to the deceitful, the weak-willed, or one with a crooked intellect. It should also not be given to one who harasses others with his knowledge. Understand well to whom this should be given by you.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• देयम् (deyam) - to be given, should be given

• एतत् (etat) - this supreme teaching (this)

• च (ca) - and

• तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

• अनृतात्मने (anṛtātmane) - to the untruthful one, to one whose nature is falsehood

• शठाय (śaṭhāya) - to the deceitful, to the rogue

• क्लीबाया (klībāyā) - to the weak-willed, to the impotent, to the cowardly

• न (na) - not, nor

• जिह्मबुद्धये (jihmabuddhaye) - to one with a crooked intellect, to the perverted mind

• न (na) - not, nor

• पण्डितज्ञानपरोपतापिने (paṇḍitajñānaparopatāpine) - to one who harasses others with his scholarship (or knowledge)

• देयम् (deyam) - to be given, should be given

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• इदम् (idam) - this supreme teaching (this (teaching))

• विनिबोध (vinibodha) - understand well, discern

• यादृशे (yādṛśe) - to one of what kind (as described in the next verse) (to such a one, to one of what kind)

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

देयम् (deyam) - to be given, should be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of deya

deya - to be given, fit to be given

Gerundive

From root 'dā' (to give) + suffix 'ya'

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Predicate adjective, 'is to be given'

एतत् (etat) - this supreme teaching (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, here, now

च (ca) - and

(indeclinable)

तथा (tathā) - thus, so, in that manner

(indeclinable)

अनृतात्मने (anṛtātmane) - to the untruthful one, to one whose nature is falsehood

(noun)

Dative, masculine, singular of anṛtātman

anṛtātman - one whose nature is falsehood, untruthful person

Compound of 'anṛta' (untruth) + 'ātman' (self/nature)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (anṛta+ātman)

• anṛta – untruth, falsehood, false
  adjective (neuter)
  Negative prefix 'a' + 'ṛta' (truth, order)
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence, nature
  noun (masculine)

Note: Indirect object of 'deyam'

शठाय (śaṭhāya) - to the deceitful, to the rogue

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of śaṭha

śaṭha - deceitful, cunning, rogue, villain

Note: Indirect object of 'deyam'

क्लीबाया (klībāyā) - to the weak-willed, to the impotent, to the cowardly

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of klība

klība - impotent, unmanly, weak-willed, eunuch, cowardly

Root: klīb (class 1)

Note: Indirect object of 'deyam'

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

जिह्मबुद्धये (jihmabuddhaye) - to one with a crooked intellect, to the perverted mind

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of jihmabuddhi

jihmabuddhi - crooked-minded, perverse intellect

Compound of 'jihma' (crooked) + 'buddhi' (intellect)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (jihma+buddhi)

• jihma – crooked, oblique, dishonest, perverse
  adjective
• buddhi – intellect, understanding, discernment
  noun (feminine)
  From root 'budh' (to know)
  Root: budh (class 1)

Note: Indirect object of 'deyam'

न (na) - not, nor

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

पण्डितज्ञानपरोपतापिने (paṇḍitajñānaparopatāpine) - to one who harasses others with his scholarship (or knowledge)

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of paṇḍitajñānaparopatāpin

paṇḍitajñānaparopatāpin - tormentor of others through scholarly knowledge

Compound of 'paṇḍita' (scholar) + 'jñāna' (knowledge) + 'para' (other) + 'upatāpin' (tormentor)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa / bahuvrīhi (paṇḍita+jñāna+para+upatāpin)

• paṇḍita – scholar, learned, wise
  noun (masculine)
• jñāna – knowledge, wisdom, cognition
  noun (neuter)
  From root 'jñā' (to know)
  Root: jñā (class 9)
• para – other, another, enemy
  adjective
• upatāpin – harassing, tormenting, causing pain
  adjective (masculine)
  Agent Noun / Active Participle
  From 'upa' + root 'tap' (to torment) + suffix 'in'
  Prefix: upa
  Root: tap (class 1)

Note: Indirect object of 'deyam'

देयम् (deyam) - to be given, should be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of deya

deya - to be given, fit to be given

Gerundive

From root 'dā' (to give) + suffix 'ya'

Root: dā (class 3)

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of passive 'deyam'

इदम् (idam) - this supreme teaching (this (teaching))

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of idam

idam - this, this here

Note: Subject of 'deyam'

विनिबोध (vinibodha) - understand well, discern

(verb)

2nd person , singular, active, imperative (loṭ) of vinibudh

Imperative Mood, Second Person Singular

From 'vi' + 'ni' + root 'budh' (to know, awaken)

Prefixes: vi+ni

Root: budh (class 1)

यादृशे (yādṛśe) - to one of what kind (as described in the next verse) (to such a one, to one of what kind)

(adjective)

Locative, masculine, singular of yādṛśa

yādṛśa - of what kind, such as, like whom

From 'yad' (which) + 'dṛś' (to see)

Root: dṛś (class 1)

Note: The recipient described in the next verse.