महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-296, verse-31

न वेदनिष्ठस्य जनस्य राजन्प्रदेयमेतत्परमं त्वया भवेत् ।
विवित्समानाय विबोधकारकं प्रबोधहेतोः प्रणतस्य शासनम् ॥३१॥

31. na vedaniṣṭhasya janasya rāja;npradeyametatparamaṁ tvayā bhavet ,
vivitsamānāya vibodhakārakaṁ; prabodhahetoḥ praṇatasya śāsanam.

31. na vedaniṣṭhasya janasya rājan
pradeyam etat paramam tvayā bhavet
vivitsamānāya vibodhakārakaṃ
prabodhahetoḥ praṇatasya śāsanam

31. rājan tvayā vedaniṣṭhasya janasya etat paramam na pradeyam bhavet.
(idam) vibodhakārakam śāsanam prabodhahetoḥ vivitsamānāya praṇatasya (janasya deyam).

31. O King, this supreme (teaching) should not be given by you to a person solely devoted to the Vedic texts. This instruction, which promotes profound awakening, is for the sake of enlightenment and is intended for a humble seeker of knowledge.

Words meanings summery:

• न (na) - not, no

• वेदनिष्ठस्य (vedaniṣṭhasya) - of one devoted to the Vedas

• जनस्य (janasya) - of a person, of a man

• राजन् (rājan) - O king

• प्रदेयम् (pradeyam) - to be given, should be given

• एतत् (etat) - this supreme teaching (this)

• परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest

• त्वया (tvayā) - by you

• भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be

• विवित्समानाय (vivitsamānāya) - to one desiring to know, to an inquirer

• विबोधकारकं (vibodhakārakaṁ) - causing special knowledge, bringing about awakening

• प्रबोधहेतोः (prabodhahetoḥ) - for the sake of awakening, for enlightenment

• प्रणतस्य (praṇatasya) - of the humble one, of the submissive

• शासनम् (śāsanam) - instruction, teaching, scripture

Words meanings and morphology

न (na) - not, no

(indeclinable)

Negative particle

वेदनिष्ठस्य (vedaniṣṭhasya) - of one devoted to the Vedas

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of vedaniṣṭha

vedaniṣṭha - devoted to the Vedas, adhering to Vedic teachings

Compound of 'veda' (Veda) + 'niṣṭha' (standing in, devoted to)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (veda+niṣṭha)

• veda – Veda, sacred knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  From root 'vid' (to know)
  Root: vid (class 2)
• niṣṭha – standing in, devoted to, relying on
  adjective (masculine)
  From 'ni' + root 'sthā' (to stand)
  Prefix: ni
  Root: sthā (class 1)

Note: Qualifies 'janasya'

जनस्य (janasya) - of a person, of a man

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of jana

jana - person, man, creature, folk

From root 'jan' (to be born)

Root: jan (class 4)

राजन् (rājan) - O king

(noun)

Vocative, masculine, singular of rājan

rājan - king, ruler, sovereign

Root: rāj

प्रदेयम् (pradeyam) - to be given, should be given

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of pradeya

pradeya - to be given, fit to be given, due

Gerundive

From 'pra' + root 'dā' (to give) + suffix 'ya'

Prefix: pra

Root: dā (class 3)

Note: Expresses obligation or fitness.

एतत् (etat) - this supreme teaching (this)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of etad

etad - this, here, now

परमम् (paramam) - supreme, highest

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of parama

parama - supreme, highest, excellent, ultimate

Superlative form of 'para'

त्वया (tvayā) - by you

(pronoun)

Instrumental, singular of yuṣmad

yuṣmad - you

Note: Agent of the passive verb 'pradeyam bhavet'

भवेत् (bhavet) - should be, may be

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, optative (vidhiliṅ) of bhū

Optative Mood, Third Person Singular

From root 'bhū' (to be)

Root: bhū (class 1)

Note: Functions as auxiliary to 'pradeyam'.

विवित्समानाय (vivitsamānāya) - to one desiring to know, to an inquirer

(adjective)

Dative, masculine, singular of vivitsamāna

vivitsamāna - desiring to know, wishing to learn, inquisitive

Desiderative Present Participle (Ātmanepada)

From desiderative stem of 'vid' (to know)

Root: vid (class 2)

Note: Recipient for the teaching.

विबोधकारकं (vibodhakārakaṁ) - causing special knowledge, bringing about awakening

(adjective)

Nominative, neuter, singular of vibodhakāraka

vibodhakāraka - causing awakening, bringing enlightenment, producer of knowledge

Compound of 'vi' + 'bodha' (awakening) + 'kāraka' (causing/maker)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vibodha+kāraka)

• vibodha – awakening, enlightenment, full knowledge
  noun (masculine)
  From 'vi' + root 'budh' (to know, awaken)
  Prefix: vi
  Root: budh (class 1)
• kāraka – maker, doer, cause, causing
  adjective (masculine)
  From root 'kṛ' (to do, make)
  Root: kṛ (class 8)

Note: Also accusative singular neuter

प्रबोधहेतोः (prabodhahetoḥ) - for the sake of awakening, for enlightenment

(noun)

Genitive, masculine, singular of prabodhahetu

prabodhahetu - cause of awakening, reason for enlightenment

Compound of 'pra' + 'bodha' (awakening) + 'hetu' (cause)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (prabodha+hetu)

• prabodha – awakening, enlightenment, full consciousness
  noun (masculine)
  From 'pra' + root 'budh' (to awaken)
  Prefix: pra
  Root: budh (class 1)
• hetu – cause, reason, motive
  noun (masculine)

Note: Implies 'for the sake of' or 'because of'.

प्रणतस्य (praṇatasya) - of the humble one, of the submissive

(adjective)

Genitive, masculine, singular of praṇata

praṇata - humble, submissive, bowed down, reverential

Past Passive Participle

From 'pra' + root 'nam' (to bow)

Prefix: pra

Root: nam (class 1)

Note: Refers to the qualified recipient.

शासनम् (śāsanam) - instruction, teaching, scripture

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of śāsana

śāsana - instruction, teaching, command, rule, doctrine

From root 'śās' (to teach, command)

Root: śās (class 2)

Note: The main subject of the second line, described by 'vibodhakārakam'.