महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-296, verse-22

मशकोदुम्बरे यद्वदन्यत्वं तद्वदेतयोः ।
मत्स्योऽम्भसि यथा तद्वदन्यत्वमुपलभ्यते ॥२२॥

22. maśakodumbare yadvadanyatvaṁ tadvadetayoḥ ,
matsyo'mbhasi yathā tadvadanyatvamupalabhyate.

22. maśakaḥ udumbare yat vat anyatvam tat vat etayoḥ
matsyaḥ ambhasi yathā tat vat anyatvam upalabhyate

22. yathā maśakaḥ udumbare yat vat anyatvam tat vat
etayoḥ matsyaḥ ambhasi tat vat anyatvam upalabhyate

22. Just as there is a distinctness between a mosquito and the fig tree (udumbara) it inhabits, and similarly, just as a fish is perceived as distinct from the water, so too is the distinctness between these two (the self and nature) apprehended.

Words meanings summery:

• मशकः (maśakaḥ) - mosquito (mosquito, gnat)

• उदुम्बरे (udumbare) - in the fig tree (in the fig tree, in the fig, in the Udumbara tree)

• यत् (yat) - just as (which, what, that which, just as)

• वत् (vat) - as, like (like, as, as if, similar to)

• अन्यत्वम् (anyatvam) - distinctness (distinctness, difference, otherness)

• तत् (tat) - so, similarly (that, it, so)

• वत् (vat) - as, like (like, as, as if, similar to)

• एतयोः (etayoḥ) - of these two (the self and nature) (of these two, between these two)

• मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

• अम्भसि (ambhasi) - in water (in water, in the waters)

• यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

• तत् (tat) - so, similarly (that, it, so)

• वत् (vat) - as, like (like, as, as if, similar to)

• अन्यत्वम् (anyatvam) - distinctness (distinctness, difference, otherness)

• उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is apprehended (is perceived, is apprehended, is found)

Words meanings and morphology

मशकः (maśakaḥ) - mosquito (mosquito, gnat)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of maśaka

maśaka - mosquito, gnat, a kind of insect

उदुम्बरे (udumbare) - in the fig tree (in the fig tree, in the fig, in the Udumbara tree)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of udumbara

udumbara - Ficus glomerata (a species of fig tree), its fruit

यत् (yat) - just as (which, what, that which, just as)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of yad

yad - that which, what, who, just as

वत् (vat) - as, like (like, as, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

अन्यत्वम् (anyatvam) - distinctness (distinctness, difference, otherness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anyatva

anyatva - otherness, distinctness, difference, dissimilarity

Formed from anya + tva (abstract noun suffix)

तत् (tat) - so, similarly (that, it, so)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

वत् (vat) - as, like (like, as, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

एतयोः (etayoḥ) - of these two (the self and nature) (of these two, between these two)

(pronoun)

Genitive, dual of etad

etad - this, these (near to the speaker)

Note: Dual genitive/locative form of 'etad'. Here indicating 'of these two' or 'between these two'.

मत्स्यः (matsyaḥ) - fish

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of matsya

matsya - a fish, the Matsya avatar of Vishnu, a specific region/people

अम्भसि (ambhasi) - in water (in water, in the waters)

(noun)

Locative, neuter, singular of ambhas

ambhas - water, stream, cloud

यथा (yathā) - just as (just as, as, in which way)

(indeclinable)

तत् (tat) - so, similarly (that, it, so)

(pronoun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of tad

tad - that, it, this

वत् (vat) - as, like (like, as, as if, similar to)

(indeclinable)

अन्यत्वम् (anyatvam) - distinctness (distinctness, difference, otherness)

(noun)

Nominative, neuter, singular of anyatva

anyatva - otherness, distinctness, difference, dissimilarity

Formed from anya + tva (abstract noun suffix)

उपलभ्यते (upalabhyate) - is apprehended (is perceived, is apprehended, is found)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, passive, present (laṭ) of upalabh

Root labh with prefix upa.

Prefix: upa

Root: labh (class 1)

Note: Atmanepada form in passive voice.