महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-292, verse-37

य एवं वेत्ति वै नित्यं निरात्मात्मगुणैर्वृतः ।
तेन देवमनुष्येषु निरये चोपपद्यते ॥३७॥

37. ya evaṁ vetti vai nityaṁ nirātmātmaguṇairvṛtaḥ ,
tena devamanuṣyeṣu niraye copapadyate.

37. yaḥ evam vetti vai nityam nirātmā ātma guṇaiḥ
vṛtaḥ | tena deva manuṣyeṣu niraye ca upapadyate

37. yaḥ evam nityam vai vetti,
(yaḥ api) nirātmā (san) ātmaguṇaiḥ vṛtaḥ (bhavati),
tena (saḥ) devamanuṣyeṣu ca niraye upapadyate

37. One who constantly understands this (cycle of rebirth), yet remains without a firm realization of the true self (ātman) and is enveloped by the qualities of the individual soul (ātman), such a one is reborn among gods, humans, and also in hell.

Words meanings summery:

• यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which, he who)

• एवम् (evam) - this (referring to the cycle of rebirth) (thus, in this manner, so)

• वेत्ति (vetti) - understands (knows, understands)

• वै (vai) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, truly, certainly (particle))

• नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

• निरात्मा (nirātmā) - without a firm realization of the true self (ātman) (without ātman, devoid of self, selfless)

• आत्म (ātma) - individual soul (ātman) (self, soul, spirit)

• गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by the qualities (by qualities, by attributes)

• वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - enveloped (covered, enveloped, surrounded, chosen)

• तेन (tena) - such a one (by him) (by him, by that, therefore)

• देव (deva) - gods (god, divine being)

• मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among humans (among humans, in humans)

• निरये (niraye) - in hell (in hell, in a lower world)

• च (ca) - and also (and, also)

• उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is reborn (is born, happens, arises, is obtained)

Words meanings and morphology

यः (yaḥ) - one who (who, which, he who)

(pronoun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of yad

yad - who, which, what

Nominative singular masculine of yad

Note: Relative pronoun.

एवम् (evam) - this (referring to the cycle of rebirth) (thus, in this manner, so)

(indeclinable)

वेत्ति (vetti) - understands (knows, understands)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, active, present (laṭ) of vid

Present tense, 3rd person singular

Root vid (class 2, Parasmaipada), Present tense (laṭ), 3rd person singular

Root: vid (class 2)

वै (vai) - (emphatic particle) (indeed, truly, certainly (particle))

(indeclinable)

नित्यम् (nityam) - constantly (always, constantly, perpetually)

(indeclinable)

Note: Adverbial accusative singular neuter.

निरात्मा (nirātmā) - without a firm realization of the true self (ātman) (without ātman, devoid of self, selfless)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of nirātman

nirātman - without ātman (self/soul), selfless, devoid of ātman

Compound of nis (without) + ātman (self)

Compound type : bahuvrīhi (nis+ātman)

• nis – out, forth, away, without
  indeclinable
  Prefix
• ātman – self, soul, spirit, essence
  noun (masculine)

Note: Refers to 'yaḥ'.

आत्म (ātma) - individual soul (ātman) (self, soul, spirit)

(noun)

masculine, singular of ātman

ātman - self, soul, spirit, essence, individual soul (ātman)

Note: Null case/number because it's part of a compound.

गुणैः (guṇaiḥ) - by the qualities (by qualities, by attributes)

(noun)

Instrumental, masculine, plural of guṇa

guṇa - quality, attribute, property, excellence

Note: In compound with ātma, 'ātma-guṇaiḥ' means 'by the qualities of the self'.

वृतः (vṛtaḥ) - enveloped (covered, enveloped, surrounded, chosen)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vṛta

vṛta - covered, enveloped, surrounded, chosen, appointed

Past Passive Participle

From root vṛ (to cover, choose)

Root: vṛ (class 5)

Note: Agrees with 'yaḥ'.

तेन (tena) - such a one (by him) (by him, by that, therefore)

(pronoun)

Instrumental, masculine, singular of tad

tad - that, he, she, it

Instrumental singular masculine of tad, referring back to 'yaḥ'

Note: Correlative pronoun for 'yaḥ'.

देव (deva) - gods (god, divine being)

(noun)

masculine, plural of deva

deva - god, deity, divine being

Root: div (class 4)

Note: Part of the compound 'devamanuṣyeṣu'.

मनुष्येषु (manuṣyeṣu) - among humans (among humans, in humans)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, plural of manuṣya

manuṣya - human, man, mankind

Note: Forms the compound 'devamanuṣyeṣu' (among gods and humans).

निरये (niraye) - in hell (in hell, in a lower world)

(noun)

Locative, masculine, singular of niraya

niraya - hell, a place of torment, a lower world

Prefix: nis

Root: i (class 2)

च (ca) - and also (and, also)

(indeclinable)

उपपद्यते (upapadyate) - is reborn (is born, happens, arises, is obtained)

(verb)

3rd person , singular, middle, present (laṭ) of upapad

Present tense, 3rd person singular

Root pad (to go, fall) with prefix upa; Ātmanepada

Prefix: upa

Root: pad (class 4)

Note: Literally 'is produced', here meaning 'is born' or 'is reborn'.