महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-292, verse-16

सप्तरात्रदशाहारो द्वादशाहार एव च ।
मासोपवासी मूलाशी फलाहारस्तथैव च ॥१६॥

16. saptarātradaśāhāro dvādaśāhāra eva ca ,
māsopavāsī mūlāśī phalāhārastathaiva ca.

16. saptarātraḥ daśāhāraḥ dvādaśāhāraḥ eva ca
māsa upavāsī mūlāśī phalāhāraḥ tathā eva ca

16. saptarātraḥ daśāhāraḥ dvādaśāhāraḥ eva ca
māsa upavāsī mūlāśī phalāhāraḥ tathā eva ca

16. One who eats only once after seven nights, and one who eats only once after ten days; and also one who eats only once after twelve days. There is also one who fasts for a month, one who subsists on roots, and likewise, one who subsists on fruits.

Words meanings summery:

• सप्तरात्रः (saptarātraḥ) - an ascetic who eats only once after seven nights (of fasting) (one who eats after seven nights)

• दशाहारः (daśāhāraḥ) - an ascetic who eats only once after ten days (of fasting) (one who eats after ten days)

• द्वादशाहारः (dvādaśāhāraḥ) - an ascetic who eats only once after twelve days (of fasting) (one who eats after twelve days)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• च (ca) - and, also

• मास (māsa) - month

• उपवासी (upavāsī) - an ascetic who fasts for a month (one who fasts)

• मूलाशी (mūlāśī) - an ascetic who subsists solely on roots (one who eats roots)

• फलाहारः (phalāhāraḥ) - an ascetic who subsists solely on fruits (one who eats fruits)

• तथा (tathā) - similarly, in that manner, likewise

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

सप्तरात्रः (saptarātraḥ) - an ascetic who eats only once after seven nights (of fasting) (one who eats after seven nights)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of saptarātra

saptarātra - lasting for seven nights, occurring after seven nights

compound of saptan (seven) and rātra (night)

Compound type : dvigu (saptan+rātra)

• saptan – seven
  numeral
• rātra – night, period of nights
  noun (neuter)
  derived from rātri (night)

Note: Used substantively here to refer to the person observing the practice of eating after seven nights.

दशाहारः (daśāhāraḥ) - an ascetic who eats only once after ten days (of fasting) (one who eats after ten days)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of daśāhāra

daśāhāra - eating after ten days, food for ten days

compound of daśan (ten) and āhāra (food)

Compound type : dvigu (daśan+āhāra)

• daśan – ten
  numeral
• āhāra – food, eating
  noun (masculine)
  from prefix ā- and root hṛ (to take, seize)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to a person who eats only once after ten days of fasting.

द्वादशाहारः (dvādaśāhāraḥ) - an ascetic who eats only once after twelve days (of fasting) (one who eats after twelve days)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of dvādaśāhāra

dvādaśāhāra - eating after twelve days, food for twelve days

compound of dvādaśan (twelve) and āhāra (food)

Compound type : dvigu (dvādaśan+āhāra)

• dvādaśan – twelve
  numeral
• āhāra – food, eating
  noun (masculine)
  from prefix ā- and root hṛ (to take, seize)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Refers to a person who eats only once after twelve days of fasting.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word or concept.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

मास (māsa) - month

(noun)

masculine, singular of māsa

māsa - month

Note: Part of the compound `māsopavāsī`.

उपवासी (upavāsī) - an ascetic who fasts for a month (one who fasts)

(adjective)

Nominative, masculine, singular of upavāsin

upavāsin - fasting, one who fasts

derived from upavāsa (fasting), from upa-vas (to dwell near/fast)

Prefix: upa

Root: vas (class 4)

Note: Used substantively to refer to a person observing a fast. Forms a compound with `māsa`.

मूलाशी (mūlāśī) - an ascetic who subsists solely on roots (one who eats roots)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of mūlāśin

mūlāśin - root-eater, subsisting on roots

compound of mūla (root) and āśin (eater)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (mūla+āśin)

• mūla – root, origin, foundation
  noun (neuter)
• āśin – eating, feeder, consumer
  adjective (masculine)
  from root aś (to eat) with suffix -in
  Root: aś (class 9)

Note: Used substantively to refer to a person observing a specific diet.

फलाहारः (phalāhāraḥ) - an ascetic who subsists solely on fruits (one who eats fruits)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of phalāhāra

phalāhāra - fruit-eater, subsisting on fruits

compound of phala (fruit) and āhāra (food)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (phala+āhāra)

• phala – fruit, product, result, consequence
  noun (neuter)
• āhāra – food, eating, sustenance
  noun (masculine)
  from prefix ā- and root hṛ (to take, seize)
  Prefix: ā
  Root: hṛ (class 1)

Note: Used substantively to describe a person observing an eating regimen.

तथा (tathā) - similarly, in that manner, likewise

(indeclinable)

Note: Connects this phrase to the preceding one, indicating similarity.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word or concept.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)