महाभारतः mahābhārataḥ - book-12, chapter-292, verse-17

वायुभक्षोऽम्बुपिण्याकगोमयादन एव च ।
गोमूत्रभोजनश्चैव शाकपुष्पाद एव च ॥१७॥

17. vāyubhakṣo'mbupiṇyākagomayādana eva ca ,
gomūtrabhojanaścaiva śākapuṣpāda eva ca.

17. vāyubhakṣaḥ ambupiṇyākagomayādanaḥ eva ca
gomūtrabhojanaḥ ca eva śākupuṣpādaḥ eva ca

17. vāyubhakṣaḥ ambupiṇyākagomayādanaḥ eva ca
gomūtrabhojanaḥ ca eva śākupuṣpādaḥ eva ca

17. One who subsists only on air; and also one who subsists on water, oil-cake, and cow-dung. Likewise, one who subsists on cow urine, and also one who eats vegetables and flowers.

Words meanings summery:

• वायुभक्षः (vāyubhakṣaḥ) - an ascetic who sustains oneself solely on air (i.e., fasts completely or consumes nothing but air) (air-eater, one who subsists on air)

• अम्बुपिण्याकगोमयादनः (ambupiṇyākagomayādanaḥ) - an ascetic who subsists on a diet of water, oil-cake, and cow-dung (one who eats/subsists on water, oil-cake, and cow-dung)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• च (ca) - and, also

• गोमूत्रभोजनः (gomūtrabhojanaḥ) - an ascetic who consumes cow urine as a form of sustenance (one who subsists on cow urine)

• च (ca) - and, also

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• शाकुपुष्पादः (śākupuṣpādaḥ) - an ascetic who subsists on a diet of vegetables and flowers (one who eats vegetables and flowers)

• एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

• च (ca) - and, also

Words meanings and morphology

वायुभक्षः (vāyubhakṣaḥ) - an ascetic who sustains oneself solely on air (i.e., fasts completely or consumes nothing but air) (air-eater, one who subsists on air)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of vāyubhakṣa

vāyubhakṣa - air-eater, living on air

compound of vāyu (air) and bhakṣa (eater)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (vāyu+bhakṣa)

• vāyu – air, wind
  noun (masculine)
  Root: vā (class 2)
• bhakṣa – eating, food, eater
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  from root bhakṣ (to eat)
  Root: bhakṣ (class 1)

Note: Used substantively to refer to a person observing a specific diet.

अम्बुपिण्याकगोमयादनः (ambupiṇyākagomayādanaḥ) - an ascetic who subsists on a diet of water, oil-cake, and cow-dung (one who eats/subsists on water, oil-cake, and cow-dung)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of ambupiṇyākagomayādana

ambupiṇyākagomayādana - subsisting on water, oil-cake, and cow-dung

compound of ambu (water), piṇyāka (oil-cake), gomaya (cow-dung), and adana (eater)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa hybrid (ambu+piṇyāka+gomaya+adana)

• ambu – water
  noun (neuter)
• piṇyāka – oil-cake (residue after pressing oil seeds)
  noun (masculine)
• gomaya – cow-dung
  noun (neuter)
  from go (cow) and maya (made of)
• adana – eating, food, eater
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  from root ad (to eat) with suffix -ana
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Used substantively to refer to a person observing an extreme diet.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word or concept.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

गोमूत्रभोजनः (gomūtrabhojanaḥ) - an ascetic who consumes cow urine as a form of sustenance (one who subsists on cow urine)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of gomūtrabhojana

gomūtrabhojana - subsisting on cow urine

compound of go (cow), mūtra (urine), and bhojana (eater/eating)

Compound type : tatpuruṣa (go+mūtra+bhojana)

• go – cow
  noun (feminine)
• mūtra – urine
  noun (neuter)
  Root: mūtr (class 1)
• bhojana – eating, food, act of eating
  noun (masculine)
  verbal noun
  from root bhuj (to eat, enjoy) with suffix -ana
  Root: bhuj (class 7)

Note: Forms a compound with `gomūtra`.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word or concept.

शाकुपुष्पादः (śākupuṣpādaḥ) - an ascetic who subsists on a diet of vegetables and flowers (one who eats vegetables and flowers)

(noun)

Nominative, masculine, singular of śākupuṣpāda

śākupuṣpāda - vegetable and flower eater

compound of śāka (vegetable), puṣpa (flower), and ada (eater)

Compound type : dvandva-tatpuruṣa hybrid (śāka+puṣpa+ada)

• śāka – pot-herb, vegetable
  noun (neuter)
• puṣpa – flower, blossom
  noun (neuter)
  Root: puṣ (class 4)
• ada – eating, eater, consumer
  adjective (masculine)
  from root ad (to eat) with suffix -a
  Root: ad (class 2)

Note: Used substantively to refer to a person observing a specific diet.

एव (eva) - indeed, only, just, even

(indeclinable)

Note: Emphasizes the preceding word or concept.

च (ca) - and, also

(indeclinable)